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GUIDE 

TO 

JSTEW  YORK: 

ITS 

jpablic  pnUbings,  glares  of  Jhnuseraent, 
(£l)urfl)cs,  ijotels,  &r. 

MAP  OF  THE  CITY, 

AND  NUMEROUS  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

TOGETHER  WITH 

A  GUIDE  TO  THE  PRINCIPAL  FIRST-CLASS  STORES 
IN  THE  VARIOUS  LINES  OF  TRADE. 

ALSO, 

A  Guide  to  the  Hudson  River,  (with  Map,) 
Saratoga  and  Lake  George. 


NEW  YORK: 

T.  ELLWOOD  ZELL  A  CO., 

No.  a:  park  row. 

1808. 


TO  THE  READEK. 

Some  may  think  it  entirely  unnecessary  to  make  any 
remarks  by  way  of  introduction  to  a  work  of  this  na- 
ture ;  but  when  the  multitude  of  Guide-Books,  ITand- 
Books,  and  Directories  is  considered,  we  feel  justified 
in  simply  stating  the  "  wherefore"  which  calls  this 
work  into  existence.  To  the  descriptions  of  New  York 
and  vicinity  which  have  already  been  published,  it  has 
been  justly  objected  that  they  coutain  mere  descriptions 
of  buildings,  etc.,  which  fail  to  arrest  the  attention  or 
impart  that  information  which  books  of  this  character 
are  expected  to  afford.  To  remedy  these  and  other  ob- 
jections, this  work  has  been  compiled  with  great  care, 
as  to  noting  every  object  of  interest  in  and  about  New 
York,  giving  "correct  information"  in  detail,  and  com- 
bining, what  seems  to  be  a  great  want,  "  business  with 
pleasure."  To  strangers,  therefore,  visiting  New  York, 
this  work  is  intended  as  a  correct  guide  to  all  places  of 
interest  and  amusement ;  also  as  a  guide  to  ladies  and 
gentlemen  in  the  purchase  of  goods.  They  will  find 
the  location  of  almost  every  kind  o!  business  in  the  ad- 
vertising pages  ;  and  the  stores  there  indicated  are  of 
the  most  reliable  character,  as  we  have  allowed  only 
those  of  the  best  standing  to  use  our  work  as  an  adver- 
tising medium. 

We  have  also  thought  it  proper  to  incorporate  in  this 
work  a  Guide  to  the  Hudson  River,  Saratoga,  and  Lake 
George,  which  we  feel  assured  will  prove  of  interest  to 
the  citizen  and  stranger. 

We  also  wish  it  distinctly  understood  that  the  Com- 
piler has  not  hesitated  to  gather  the  materials  for  this 
work  wherever  he  could  find  them,  availing  himself  in 
the  freest  manner,  not  only  of  the  researches  of  others, 
bur.  even  of  their  very  language,  whenever  it  happened 
to  suit  his  purpose. 

(2) 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE 


Academy  of  Design      .          .          .  .20 

*  Astor  Library          ....  28 

Battery       ...          .          .  .9 

Blackwell's  Island    ....  18 

-•Bible  House        .          .          .          .  .18 

-  'Bellevue  Hospital     ....  27 

Banks      .          .          .          .          .  .30 

'Cemeteries     .  ...  .56 

'  Central  Park       .          .          .          .  .7 

'City  Hall  Park         ....  9 

-  City  Hall  11 

Custom  House          ....  11 

Columbia  College           .          .          .  .14 

-  College  of  Physicians          ...  14 

"        St.  Francis  Xavier    .           .  .15 

"       City  of  New  York          .          .  15 

'  Cooper  Institute            .          .          .  .16 

Colored  Home          ....  24 

"      Orphans'  Asylum          .           .  .25 

Children's  Aid  Society         ...  23 

Churches            .           .          .          .  .36 

Ferry  Boats             .          .          .          .  67 

*  Five  Points  House  of  Industry  .          .  .21 

"        "     Mission  House  ...  22 
3 


4 


FAGE 

'  Forts  and  Fortifications  .          .          .  .31 

*  Greenwood  Cemetery  ...  57 
Gramercy  Park  .  .  .  .  .10 
General  Theological  Seminary  .  .  15 
Hack  Fares  .  .  .  .  .71 
Hall  of  Records  ....  19 
Hudson  River  .  .  .  .  .76 
Hotels  .  ....  49 
Home  for  the  Friendless            .          .  .26 

*  High  Bridge  .  .  .  .  .17 
Howard  Mission            .          .          .  .22 

'  Hebrew  Orphan  School                   .          .  25 

Insane  Asylum    .          .          .          .  .25 

*  Institution  for  Deaf  and  Dumb       .          .  20 

for  Blind      .          .          .  .21 

Juvenile  Asylum      ....  26 

Jews'  Hospital    .          .          .          .  .27 

Leak  and  Watts'  Orphan  Asylum     .          .  24 

Libraries            .          .          .          .  .27 

Location  of  Piers     ....  67 

Magdalen  Asylums         .          .          .  .23 

Madison  Square       ....  10 

Monuments         .          .          .          .  .30 

%  Markets        .....  55 

Merchants'  Exchange     .           .          .  .20 

Mercantile  Library  ....  28 

Newspapers        .          .          .          .  .35 

New  York  Historical  Society          .          .  16 

"        Orphan  Asylum         .           .  .25 

"        University           .           .           .  14 

New  York  Hospital         .          .          .  .26 


5 


PAGE 

New  Court  House.    ....  12 

'  New  Post  Office  .          .           .          .  .13 

Odd  Fellows'  Hall    ....  30 

Omnibuses          .          .          .          .  .66 

Parks           .....  9 

Post  Office          .          .          .          .  .  19 

-Places  of  Amusement          ...  33 

Police  Stations    .          .          .          .  .73 

Randall's  Island       ....  19 

Religious  and  Miscellaneous  Institutions  .  48 

Roman  Catholic  Orphan  Asylum     .           .  26 

Railroads           .          .          .          .  .62 

(City)       ....  63 

Railroad  Distances        .          .          .  .74 

St.  Luke's  Hospital  .          .          .          .  27 

Steamboats         .          .          .          .  .58 

Squares         .....  9 

St.  John's  Park                       .          .  .9 

Table  of  Distances    ....  72 

Telegraph  Offices           .          .          .  .30 

Theatres       .....  33 

♦Tombs     .          .          .          .          .  .17 

Tour  of  the  Hudson  ....  77 

Union  Theological  Seminary      .          .  .14 

University  Medical  School   ...  15 

United  States  Treasury  .          .          .  .11 

Ward's  Island          ....  19 

Widow's  Asylum            .           .           .  .24 

Ward  Schools           ....  15 

"Washington  Square        .           .           .  .9 

Watering  Places       ....  75 


NEW  YOKE. 

The  Island  of  Manhattan  was  discovered  by 
Henry  Htidson  in  1G09,  and  settled  by  immigrants 
from  Holland  in  1614.  The  West  India  Company 
in  1G26  purchased  the  entire  island,  containing 
22,000  acres,  from  the  Indians,  for  sixty  guilders, 
or  twenty-four  dollars.  From  its  earliest  period, 
the  then  called  "  Nienw  Amsterdam "  had  a 
varied  history.  The  English  regarded  it  r  3  a 
valuable  acquisition,  and  took  it  from  the  Dutch 
in  1G64,  who  succeeded,  however,  in  recovering 
it  in  1G7G.  About  one  year  thereafter  it  was 
ceded  again  to  the  British,  and  received  the  name 
of  New  York,  in  honor  of  James,  Duke  of  York. 
In  1G66  the  city  contained  two  hundred  houses 
and  about  one  thousand  inhabitants.  From  that 
early  period  to  the  present  it  has  made  great 
progress  in  buildings,  population,  and  govern- 
mental arrangements. 

The  present  population  of  the  city  is  about 
one  million.  New  York  is  the  largest  and  most 
wealthy  city  on  this  Continent.  Its  commercial 
Illations  extend  to  the  "uttermost  parts  of  the 
earth." 

The  length  of  the  city  from  the  southern  to  the 

(6) 


7 

northern  portion  is  twelve  miles,  with  an  average 
width  of  two  miles.  The  streets  and  avenues 
above  Fourteenth  street  run  at  right  angles.  A 
fine  view  of  New  York  and  vicinity  may  be  had 
from  Trinity  Church  steeple. 

New  York  possesses  very  many  buildings,  both 
public  and  private,  of  rare  beauty  and  elegance, 
together  with  the  parks,  places  of  amusement, 
churches,  hotels,  £c,  to  which  we  hasten  to  invite 
attention. 

OENTEAL  PAEK. 

There  is  probably  no  place  on  the  Island  of 
Manhattan  of  equal  interest  to  the  stranger  or 
citizen  with  Central  Park.  In  1858  work  was 
commenced  on  it,  and  in  about  one  year  it  was 
thrown  open  to  the  public.  Up  to  the  present 
time,  ten  million  dollars  have  been  expended  upon 
it.  It  contains  eight  hundred  and  fifty  acres,  is 
two  and  a  half  miles  long,  and  half  a  mile  wide  : 
extending  from  Fifty-ninth  to  One  Hundred  and 
Tenth  street,  and  from  Fifth  to  Eighth  avenue. 
It  is,  with  three  exceptions,  the  largest  park  in 
the  wOrld.  It  has  over  nine  miles  of  carri-ge- 
drive  and  twenty-five  miles  of  walk.  Three 
hundred  and  ten  thousand  trees  and  shrubs  have 
been  planted,  and  workmen  arc  constantly  em- 
ployed in  improving  and  planting  flowers,  shrub- 
bery, &c.  There  are  about  thirty-four  archways 
and  bridges  of  great  variety  and  exquisite  beauty, 
no  two  being  alike.    The  Terrace  is  the  leading 


8 


architectural  structure.  This  is  at  the  end  of 
the  Mall  on  the  north.  Below  it  is  the  Espla- 
nade, with  a  beautiful  fountain  in  the  centre. 
There  is  so  much  beauty  in  the  Park,  and  in 
such  great  variety,  that  it  is  impossible  within 
the  limits  of  this  work  to  mention  it  in  detail. 
It  possesses  all  that  is  picturesque, — lake,  stream/ 
hill,  valley,  rock,  plain  and  slope.  During  the 
skating  season  great  numbers  frequent  the  Park, 
as  the  lakes  are  free  to  all.  When  the  ice  is 
in  good  condition,  a  red  ball  is  hoisted  on  the 
Arsenal  building,  (within  the  Park.)  and  the  city 
cars,  running  to  the  Park,  indicate  by  small  flags 
when  the  skating  is  good. 

At  the  gates  of  the  Park  are  to  be  found 
carriages  for  hire.  Not  being  under  the  control 
of  the  Park  Commissioners,  they  are  not  respon- 
sible for  their  regulation  or  charges.  The  great 
attractions  of  the  Park  are  only  to  be  seen  by 
taking  the  foot-paths.  Throughout  the  Park  are 
to  be  found  the  police,  dressed  in  gray  suits,  who 
are  required  to  give  any  information  about  the 
Park  to  visitors,  and  to  preserve  order. 

The  Park  may  be  reached  by  the  Sixth,  Seventh 
and  Eighth  avenue  cars,  also  by  the  Central 
Park.  North  and  East  River  Railroads,  either 
division,  up  West  or  South  streets.  None  of 
the  stages  run  within  seventeen  blocks  of  the 
Park.  The  above  are  the  only  lines  of  cars  that 
run  -to  the  Park  gates.  Some  other  lines  adver- 
tise to -run  there,  whereas  they  do  not  run  within 
a  half  a  mile  of  it. 


9 


THE  BATTEET. 

This  once  beautiful  promenade  of  the  fashion 
and  elite  of  New  York  has  been  converted  into  a 
landing  place  for  immigrants  and  the  rendezvous 
for  immigrant  runners,  thieves,  pickpockets  and 
ruffians  of  "the  baser  sort."  Originally  it  was 
a  delightful  retreat  in  the  summer  time  for 
pleasure  seekers,  who  sought  the  fresh  sea-air 
under  the  shade  of  its  stately  trees.  Connected 
with  it  is  Castle  Garden,  originally  a  fortification, 
but  now  used  by  the  Commissioner  of  Emigration. 
The  beauty  and  glory  of  both  have  departed. 

OITY  HALL  PAEK. 

This  also  has  lost  its  attractions.  Within  its 
enclosure  is  the  City  Hall,  Hall  of  Records,  New 
Court  House,  Rotr-nda,  Old  Court  House,  Foun- 
tain and  statue  of  what  is  intended  to  represent 
De  Witt  Clinton.  It  is  supposed  that  a  new 
Post  Office  building  will  be  erected  on  the 
southern  portion  of  this  Park. 

ST.  JOHN'S  PAEK 

Is  located  between  Laight,  Yarick  and  Hudson 
streets.    Private  property. 

WASHINGTON  SQTJAEE. 

This  was  once  occupied  as  the  "  Potter's  Field." 
It  contains  about  ten  acres,  and  is  beautifully 

*  Recently  sold  for  $1,000,000,  and  a  freight  depot  erected  thereon 
by  the  Hudson  Railroad  Company. 


10 

decorated  with  shrubbery,  and  a  fountain  in  the 
centre.  Situated  been  Fourth  and  Eighth  streets, 
two  blocks  west  of  Broadway. 

UNION  PARK 

Is  on  Broadway  and  Fourth  avenue,  between 
Fourteenth  and  Seventeenth  streets.  This  Park 
has  also  a  fountain.  Near  here  is  the  equestrian 
statue  of  Washington. 

GEAMEEOY  PARK. 

Located  between  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first 
treets,  and  Third  and  Fourth  avenues.  Private 
property. 

STUYVESANT  PARK 

Extends  from  Fifteenth  to  Seventeenth  street, 
and  is  divided  by  the  Second  avenue. 

TOMPKINS  SQUARE 

Occupies  an  area  formed  by  Avenues  A  and  B, 
and  Seventh  and  Tenth  streets. 

MADISON  SQUARE. 

This  Park  contains  ten  acres ;  is  at  the  junction 
of  Broadway  and  Fifth  avenue.  Near  the  Square 
stands  the  monument  of  General  Worth. 


11 


CITY  HALL. 

This  is  a  very  fine  edifice,  of  the  Corinthian 
order  of  architecture,  with  a  marble  front,  and 
sides  and  rear  of  sandstone.  Erected  between 
the  years  1803  and  iblO.  In  the  building  are 
the  several  offices  of  the  Mayor,  Aldermen,  and 
Common  Council  rooms,  Governor's  rooms,  con- 
taining portraits  of  Governors  of  the  State  and 
Mayors  of  the  City.    Open  daily. 

CUSTOM  HOUSE., 

This  building  was  formerly  the  Merchants'  Ex- 
change. Is  located  on  the  square  bounded  by 
"Wall  and  Exchange  Place  and  William  and  Han- 
over streets.  The  material  is  of  Quincy  granite. 
Front  on  Wall  street  two  hundred  feet,  with  a 
depth  of  one  hundred  and  seventy-one  feet.  The 
portico,  of  eighteen  Ionic  columns,  imparts  to  it 
an  imposing  effect.  Erected  in  1836,  at  a  cost  of 
two  million  dollars. 

UNITED  STATES  TEEASUEY, 

Corner  of  Wall  and  Nassau  streets,  is  a  beau- 
tiful building,  of  the  Doric  order  of  Grecian  archi- 
tecture, in  imitation  of  the  celebrated  Pantheon 
at  Athens.  Fronting  on  'Wall  street  there  are 
eight  Grecian  columns,  thirty-two  feet  high,  with 
a  corresponding  number  on  Pine  street.  Cost  of 
the  building  and  grounds,  §1/200,000. 


12 


NEW  COUKT  HOUSE. 

This  immense  building,  now  in  process  of  con- 
struction, is  situated  in  the  rear  of  the  City  Hall, 
on#  Chamber  street,  and  will  be,  when  completed, 
one  of  the  most  substantial  edifices  in  the  United 
States.  It  was  commenced  in  the  fall  of  1861, 
but  it  is  impossible  to  determine  when  it  will  be 
finished.  The  entire  length  of  the  building  is 
two  hundred  and  fifty  feet,  and  the  breadth  one 
hundred  and  fifty;  rectangular  in  form,  and  three 
stories  in  height,  above  ground.  From  the  base 
course  to  the  top  of  pediment,  is  ninety-seven  feet. 
The  dome  will  be  one  hundred  and  twenty-°ight 
feet  high,  above  the  pediment;-  making  a  total 
height  of  the  building,  from  the  base  course  to 
the  top  of  the  dome,  two  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  feet. 

The  original  cost  was  estimated  at  about 
$2,000,000,  but,  thus  far,  over  $3,000,000  have 
been  expended  upon  it. 

It  is  constructed  of  marble  and  iron,  and  is 
an  entirely  fire-proof  building. 

The  court-rooms  are  large,  airy,  and  unob- 
structed by  columns,  made  with  reference  to 
the  principles  of  acoustics,  and  finished  in  an 
agreeable  and  pleasing  manner ;  so  that  they 
mrm  an  attractive  feature  to  the  spectator,  and 
all  to  whom  may  be  intrusted  the  administration 
of  justice. 


13 


THE  NEW  POST  OFFICE. 

A  plan  for  this  building  has  at  last  been  de- 
cided upon,  and  it  will  be  put  up  under  the  super- 
intendence of  five  architects,  at  a  cost  of  $3,500,- 
000.  The  work  will  commence  as  soon  as  Con- 
gress makes  the  appropriation.  The  building 
will  cover  the  whole  plot  of  ground,  and  made  of 
granite,  marble,  and  iron.  The  style  of  archi- 
tecture is  the  pure  French  Renaissance.  It  will 
be  three  stories  high,  surmounted  by  a  Mansard 
roof,  marked  by  a  centre  pavilion  four  stories 
high.  The  pavilion  in  front  will  be  160  feet 
high,  and  the  building  facing  the  City  Hall  will 
be  320  feet  in  length.  The  first  story  will  be  22 
feet  high,  composed  of  arched  openings,  sup- 
ported upon  square  piers ;  the  second  will  be  18 
feet  high,  and  the  third  16.  The  style  of  the 
building  is  that  of  the  Tuileries  and  the  Hotel 
de  Ville.  The  building  will  display  the  following 
statues :  America,  Commerce,  Industry,  Washing- 
ton, Franklin,  Justice,  History,  Peace,  Strength, 
Truth,  Genius  of  the  Arts,  Virtue,  Honor,  Lite- 
rature, Mechanics,  Genius  of  Science,  Agricul- 
ture, and  Navigation.  The  public  corridor  will 
be  25  feet  wide,  and  600  feet  in  length,  entered 
from  Broadway  and  Park  Row.  The  building  can 
be  completed,  it  is  claimed,  in  two  years.  Clocks 
are  to  be  placed  at  various  points  around  the 
building  for  the  accommodation  of  the  public. 


14 


NEW  YORK  UNIVERSITY. 

This  magnificent  piece  cf  architecture  is  located 
on  the  east  side  of  Washington  square.  The  edi- 
fice is  of  marble,  and  has  a  front  of  two  hundred 
feet,  with  a  depth  of  about  eighty  feet.  The  Uni- 
versity was  established  in  1831,  and  has  ever  main- 
tained a  high  and  noble  reputation. 

COLUMBIA  COLLEGE. 

This  is  the  oldest  Institution  of  the  kind  in  the 
city,  having  been  established  m  1754.  The  pres- 
ent structure,  located  on  Forty-ninth  street  near 
Fifth  avenue,  was  erected  in  1855.  It  has  a  very 
fine  library  of  twenty  thousand  volumes. 

COLLEGE  OF  PHYSICIANS. 

This  Institution  is  located  at  53  East  Twenty- 
third  street,  near  Fourth  avenue.  It  was  founded 
in  1807.  Has  a  fine  library  and  an  anatomical 
museum.  Visitors  admitted  to  the  museum  on 
application  at  the  College. 

UNION  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY 

Is  located  in  University  Place,  between  Eighth 
and  Ninth  streets.  It  was  founded  in  1836.  Has 
accommodations  for  about  one  hundred  and  fifty 
students. 


15 


THE  GENEEAL  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINAEY, 

Under  the  management  of  the  Episcopal  Church, 
is  situated  on  the  corner  of  Twentieth  street  and 
Ninth  avenue.  There  are  two  buildings  of  stone, 
capable  of  accommodating  two  hundred  pupiis. 

COLLEGE  OF  ST.  FEANOIS  XAVIEE. 

This  Institution  is  located  in  Fifteenth  street, 
between  Fifth  and  Sixth  avenues.  It  was  founded 
in  1850.  Is  under  the  management  and  direction 
of  the  Roman  Catholics. 

"WAED  SCHOOLS. 

There  are  about  two  hundred  and  eighty  of 
these  valuable  institutions  in  New  York.  Many 
of  them  have  very  fine  buildings,  that  are  alike 
an  ornament  and  an  honor  to  the  city. 

UNIVEESITY  MEDICAL  SCHOOL. 

In  Fourteenth  street,  between  Irving  pla-ce  and 
Third  avenue.  This  institution  has  a  very  fine 
library,  and  an  extensive  museum.  Open  to  vis- 
itors from  ten  a.  m.  to  six  p.  m. 

COLLEGE  OF  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YOEK, 

Formerly  called  the  Free  Academy,  is  located 
in  Twenty-third  street,  corner  of  Lexington  ave- 
nue ;  was  established  in  1848  by  the  Board  of  Edu- 


1G 


cation  of  New  York,  for  the  purpose  of*  providing 
a  higher  education  for  such  pupils  of  the  common 
schools  as  pass  a  proper  examination.  It  is  sup- 
ported entirely  by  the  city.  The  building  is  a  fine 
structure,  in  the  style  of  the  town-halls  of  the 
Netherlands,  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  feet  on 
Lexington  avenue,  with  a  depth  of  eighty  feet  on 
Twenty-third  street.  Will  accommodate  about  one 
thousand  pupils.  Cost  of  building  and  grounds, 
8120,000. 

NEW  YOEK  HISTOKIOAL  SOCIETY. 

This  institution  is  located  on  the  corner  of  Sec- 
ond avenue  and  Eleventh  street.  Was  established 
in  1.810.  Its  literary  collections  consist  of  rare 
and  valuable  books  pertaining  to  the  history  and 
antiquities  of  the  country,  together  with  maps, 
coins,  medals,  etc. ;  also,  a  very  choice  library  of 
twenty-three  thousand  volumes.  Open  to  visitors 
from  10  a.  M.  till  5  p.  m. 

C00PEK  BTSTITUTB. 

This  splendid  building,  of  brown  stone,  was 
erected  by  Mr.  Peter  Cooper,  in  the  year  1857,  at 
a  cost  of  six  hundred  thousand  dollars.  The 
structure  covers  an  entire  block,  having  a  front 
on  Eighth  street  of  one  hundred  and  forty-five 
feet;  on  Seventh  street,  eighty-six  feet;  and  on 
Third  and  Fourth  avenues,  each  one  hundred  and 
ninety-five  feet.    Mr.  Cooper  presented  it,  when 


17 


completed,  as  a  free  gift,  to  a  Board  of  Trustees, 
for  the  i; moral,  intellectual  and  physical  improve- 
ment of  his  countrymen."  There  is  a  large  hall 
for  public  meetings,  lectures,  etc.,  capable  of  seat- 
ing three  thousand  persons,  in  what  may  be  termed 
the  basement.  Although  twenty  feet  below  the 
sidewalk,  yet  it  is  well  lighted,  and  far  better  ven- 
tilated than  any  of  the  theatres  or  public  halls  in 
New  York.  The  upper  stories  contain  galleries 
for  paintings  and  sculpture,  lecture-rooms,  library 
and  free  reading-room,  together  with  rooms  for 
the  School  of  Design  foi  women.  Open  to  all, 
free,  from  10  a.  m.  to  9  p.  m. 

THE  TOMBS. 

This  massive  stone  structure,  in  the  Egyptian 
style  of  architecture,  erected  in  1838,  is  the  City 
Prison.  Located  on  the  square  bounded  by  Centre, 
Elm,  Franklin  and  Leonard  streets  ;  has  about  one 
hundred  and  seventy-five  cells.  In  the  interior 
court-yard  is  where  the  execution  of  criminals 
take  place.  Open  to  visitors  on  application  at 
the  entrance  on  Franklin  street. 

HIGH  BEIDGE. 

This  very  fine  and  important  structure  is  thrown 
across  the  Harlem  river,  about  eight  miles  from 
the  City  Hall.  It  was  erected  in  1842,  at  a  cost 
of  one  million  dollars.  The  Bridge  supports  the 
pipes  conducting  the  Croton  water  to  the  receiv- 
ing reservoir  in  the  Central  Park. 


18 

It  is  one  thousand  four  hundred  and  fifty  feet  in 
length,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty  feet  high  from 
the  water.  The  material  of  which  this  imposing 
object  is  constructed  is  granite,  and  probably  there 
is  not  to  be  found  a  finer  piece  of  masonry  in  the 
country.  This  splendid  bridge  can  be  reached  by 
the  Harlem  steamboats,  or  Third  avenue  cars  to 
Harlem  and  thence  by  steamboat. 

THE  BIBLE  HOUSE, 

This  gigantic  edifiee,  occupying  the  entire 
square  bounded  by  Third  and  Fourth  avenues 
and  Eighth  and  Ninth  streets,  is  constructed  of 
brick,  with  brown  stone  facings.  It  was  erected 
in  1853,  at  a  cost  of  three  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars. It  is  the  property  of  the  American  Bible 
Society.  Since  the  organization  of  the  Society 
in  18  ,  it  has  put  in  circulation  about  ten  million 
Bibles  and  Testaments.  The  building  is  accessi- 
ble to  strangers  at  all  times,  and  the  managers 
take  great  pleasure  in  conducting  visitors  through 
its  various  departments. 

BLAOKWELL'B  ISLAND. 

There  is  upon  this  Island  the  Penitentiary,  Alms 
House,  Lunatic  Asylum  and  Work  House;  all  of 
them  built  of  granite,  and  very  spacious  struc- 
tures. Tickets  for  admission  to  the  Island  can  be 
obtained  at  the  Alms  House  Department,  in  the 
Rotunda,  near  the  Hall  of  Eecords. 


s 


19 


WAKD'S  ISLAFD 

Contains  the  Work  Houses  and  Hospital.  Per- 
mits to  visit  the  Island  procured  the  same  as  for 
Blackwell's  Island. 

KANDALL'S  ISLAND. 

Here  are  the  nurseries  for  the  support  and  in- 
struction of  destitute  children. 

The  elegant  and  massive  structures  which  cover 
this  famous  group  of  islands  make  a  striking  fea- 
ture in  the  landscape,  as  we  sail  up  the  East 
river.  A  very  fine  view  :f  all  the  public  build- 
ings on  these  islands  may  be  had  by  taking  the 
Harlem  boat  at  Peck  Slip,  East  river. 

POST  OFFICE. 

The  New  York  Post  Office  is  situated  in  Nas- 
sau, between  Liberty  and  Cedar  streets.  It  was 
formerly  the  Middle  Dutch  Church,  erected  in 
1693.  It  has  been  used  as  a  Post  Office  since 
1843.  The  Office  is  opened  continuously,  except 
Sundays ;  then  it  is  open  from  9  to  10  a.  m.,  and 
12^-  to  1|  p.  m.  There  are  six  hundred  Lamp 
Post  Letter  Boxes  scattered  throughout  the  city, 
from  which  letters  are  collected  six  times  daily. 

HALL  OF  EECOEDS. 

This  rather  imposing  structure  was  formerly 
used  as  a  prison.    It  is  built  of  stone,  stuccoed. 


Located  at  the  corner  of  Centre  and  Chatham 
streets.  Now  used  for  the  purpose  its  name  indi- 
cates. 

MERCHANTS'  EXCHANGE. 

We  regret  to  say  the  merchants  of  New  York 
do  not  possess  a  very  imposing  place  for  meeting 
u  on  change."  Their  rooms  are  in  Pine  street, 
near  Nassau.  Exchange  Sales  Room,  110  Broad- 
way. 

ACADEMY  OF  DESIGN, 

This  splendid  building  is  located  on  the  corner 
of  Twenty-third  street  and  Third  avenue,  and  is 
probably  one  of  the  most  remarkable  structures 
of  the  kind  in  the  city.  Erected  at  a  cost  ol  one 
hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars.  The  annual 
exhibitions  of  the  Academy  are  held  during  the 
months  of  April,  May,  June  and  July,  during 
which  the  building  is  open  to  the  public  for  a 
small  admission  fee. 

THE  INSTITUTION  EOE  THE  DEAF  AND 
DUMB. 

This  noble  Institution  is  on  Washington  Heights, 
near  One  Hundred  and  Fiftieth  street,  East  river. 
The  building  has  accommodations  for  about  three 
hundred  pupils.  They  are  instructed  in  the  various 
^ranches  of  learning,  and  those  that  desire  it  are 
taught  some  useful  trade.  Visitors  admitted  daily, 


21 


except  Sunday,  from  1  to  4  o'clock  r.  if.  The 
Asylum  can  be  reached  by  the  Hudson  River 
Railroad  to  Fanwood  Station. 

INSTITUTION  FOE  THE  BLIND, 

Is  located  on  Ninth  avenue,  between  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fourth  streets.  The  structure 
of  granite  is  of  the  Gothic  order  of  architecture, 
and  surrounded  by  a  beautiful  lawn,  tastefully 
disposed  with  shrubs  and  flowers.  The  building 
can  accommodate  some  four  hundred  pupils. 
They  are  instructed  in  the  various  branches  pur- 
sued in  our  schools  of  learning.  Many  of  them 
are  very  proficient  in  music,  and  others  sustain 
themselves  by  their  skill  in  some  useful  handi- 
craft. Visitors  are  admitted  on  week-days  from 
1  to  6  p.  m.  Eighth  or  Ninth  avenue  cars  run 
to  it. 

FIVE  POINTS  HOUSE  OP  INDUSTRY. 

This  wonderful  and  praiseworthy  institution 
was  founded  through  the  exertions  of  Rev.  Mr. 
Pease,  in  1848.  It  is  located  155  Worth  street, 
near  Centre,  what  was  once  the  very  Sodom  of 
wickedness.  Mr.  Pease  commenced  his  labors 
bore  under  great  difficulties,  but,  with  great  per- 
severance, he  has  achieved  a  wonderful  success. 
Thousands  of  little  wanderers  have  been  taken 
from  the  surrounding  abodes  of  vice  and  poverty 
and  provided  with  good  homes.  In  1857  Mr. 
Pease  retired  from  the  House  of  Industry  to 


on 
-  -  ~j 

take  charge  of  the  farm  connected  with  the  In- 
stitution, in  Westchester  county.  Visitors  are 
always  welcome.  Mr.  S.  B.  Halliday  is  the 
present  Superintendent. 

FIVE  POINTS  MISSION  HOUSE, 

Built  on  the  sight  of  the  "  Old  Brewery,"  in 
1852,  is  a  fine  brick  structure,  four  stories,  well 
adapted  for  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  con- 
structed. It  is  under  the  control  and  manage- 
ment of  the  Ladies'  Home  Missionary  Society  of 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  The  Institu- 
tion has  for  its  aim  and  object  the  gathering  in 
and  providing  homes  for  the  children  of  poverty 
and  shame,  with  which  that  neighborhood  abounds. 
It  is  located  immediately  opposite  the  Five  Points 
House  of  Industry.  Visitors  admitted  daily  from 
9  a.  M.  till  5  P.  M. 

HOWAKD  MISSION  AND  HOME  TOE  LITTLE 
WANDERERS, 

This  is  probably  the  largest  establishment  of  the 
kind  in  the  city.  Located  at  No.  37  New  Bowery ; 
was  opened  in  1861,  since  which  time  nearly  seven 
thousand  children  have  been  received.  Those  to 
be  sent  to  homes,  remain  day  and  night  in  the 
Mission;  the  others  enjoy  the  benefit  of  the  bath, 
wardrobe,  dining  and  school-rooms,  but  do  not 
sleep  at  the  Mission.  About  five  hundred  are 
daily .  at  the  table.     The  Board  of  Mauagers 


23 


represents  all  the  evangelical  denomination  of 
Christians.  Sustained  by  free-will  offerings. 
Visitors  admitted  on  application  at  the  Home. 

CHILDREN'S  AID  SOCIETY. 

This  Society  is  doing  a  noble  work  in  the  recla- 
mation of  vagrant  children.  Its  organization  is 
very  simple  :  a  central  office  ;  agents  to  find  poor 
children;  schools  to  educate  them  and  give  them 
habits  of  industry;  lodging  houses  to  shelter, 
train  and  clothe  them,  and  agents  to  convey  them 
to  homes  in  the  West.  It  was  organized  in  1853, 
and  since  that  time  has  provided  homes  for  eleven 
thousand  children.  There  are  thirteen  Industrial 
Schools  connected  with  the  Institution.  The  ob- 
ject of  the  Society  is  to  teach  the  children  various 
industrial  pursuits,  as  well  as  to  educate  them. 

It  has  under  its  charge  the  News  Boys'  Lodg- 
ing House,  at  128  i'ulton  street,  and  Girls'  Lodg- 
ing House,  at  205  Canal  street.  Central  office, 
No.  11  Clinton  Hall,  Astor  Place. 

MAGDALEN  ASYLUMS. 

There  are  three  of  these  praiseworthy  institu- 
tions in  New  York,  located  as  follows :  Eighty- 
eighth  street  west  of  Bloomingdale  road;  corner 
of  Mulberry  and  Houston  streets,  and  22  West 
Houston  street.  The  object  of  these  Asylums  is 
to  provide  a  home  for  fallen  women,  who  manifest 
a  desire  to  retrace  the  wrong  steps  they  have 
taken ;  and  they  are  intended  as  a  Home,  not 


2-1 


as  a  place  of  confinement.  A  Home  where  may 
be  found  kind  looks,  affectionate  words,  earnest 
entreaty  and  wholesome  advice.  A  Home  whose 
inmates,  sheltered  by  good  influences  and  with- 
drawn entirely  from  the  scenes  of  dissipation, 
may  carry  out  their  resolves  to  forsake,  with 
divine  aid,  the  allurements  of  sin,  and  prove  by 
their  future  lives  the  sincerity  of  their  efforts. 

LEAKE  AND  WATT'S  ORPHAN  ASYLUM 

Is  located  on  One  Hundred  and  Seventeenth 
street,  between  Fourth  and  Fifth  avenues.  It 
was  founded  by  the  two  individuals  whose  names 
it  bears.  The  building  is  a  very  fine  one,  with 
about  twenty-six  acres  of  ground  surrounding  it; 
can  accommodate  two  hundred  children.  Visitors 
admitted  every  afternoon.  Can  be  reached  by 
the  Harlem  cars. 

WIDOWS'  ASYLUM 

Is  located  on  Fourteenth  street,  near  Second 
avenue.  The  object  of  the  Institution  is  to  pro- 
vide a  home  for  indigent  old  ladies  over  seventy 
years  of  age.  One  hundred  dollars  is  charged  as 
an  entrance  fee  ;  then  they  are  provided  for  during 
life  without  any  additional  expense.  Open  to 
visitors  every  day. 

COLOEED  HOME, 

For  aged  and  indigent  colored  persons,  is  situ- 
ated at  the  foot  of  Sixty-fifth  street,  East  river. 
Visitors  admitted  on  application. 


25 


HEBREW  ORPHAN  SCHOOL, 

Under  the  management  of  the  Jews,  and  for 
the  reception  of  poor  Hebrew  orphan  children,  is 
located  on  East  Seventy-seventh  street,  near  Third 
avenue.    Visitors  welcomed. 

NEW  YORK  ORPHAN  ASYLUM 

Is  situated  on  the  Bloomingdale  road,  near 
Eightieth  street.  The  building  is  one  hundred 
and  twenty  feet  by  sixty,  surrounded  by  ample 
grounds,  commanding  a  fine  view  of  the  Hudson 
river.  The  Institution  was  incorporated  in  1807. 
The  present  edifice  was  erected  in  1840.  Visitors 
admitted  daily. 

INSANE  ASYLUM 

Is  also  situated  on  the  Bloomingdale  road,  near 
One  Hundred  and  Seventeenth  street.  It  occupies 
a  beautiful  and  commanding  sight,  and  its  ap- 
proaches and  surroundings  are  admirably  fitted 
to  lighten  the  sense  of  depression  and  gloom  so 
often  associated  with  establishments  of  this  kind. 
A  visit  to  the  Asylum  will  amply  repay  any  one 
who  either  loves  the  beauties  of  nature,  or  the 
still  greater  beauties  of  benejicence  in  orderly, 
efficient  and  extensive  action.  Open  to  visitors 
daily. 

COLORED  ORPHAN  ASYLUM. 

This  Institution  formerly  occupied  a  fine  build- 
ing on  Fifth  avenue,  but  it  was  destroyed  by  the 


20 


mob  in  the  riots  of  July,  1863.  They  are  now  lo- 
cated at  the  foot  of  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-first 
street,  North  Eiver.  Strangers  are  always  wel- 
come. 

ROMAN  CATHOLIC  ORPHAN  ASYLUMS. 

The  Asylum  for  girls  is  located  at  the  corner  of 
Prince  and  Mott  streets.  For  boys,  corner  oi 
Fifth  avenue  and  Fifty-first  street. 

HOME  TOE  THE  FRIENDLESS 

Is  situated  on  East  Thirtieth  street,  near  Fifth 
avenue.  Is  for  the  protection  of  deserted  chil- 
dren, and  adult  persons  who  are  in  distress. 

JUVENILE  ASYLUM. 

This  beautiful  edifice  is  located  on  One  Hun- 
dred and  Seventy-fifth  street,  near  Tenth  avenue. 
The  Institution  occupies  about  twenty  acres  of 
ground,  which  is  in  part  cultivated  by  the  chil- 
dren, who,  during  their  stay  in  the  Asylum,  are 
instructed  in  all  the  branches  of  a  common  school 
education.  There  are  about  seven  hundred  chil- 
dren in  the  Institution.  The  Asylum  can  be 
reached  by  the  Hudson  Eiver  Eoad  to  Fort 
W  ashington. 

NEW  YORE  HOSPITAL. 

These  buildings  of  gray  stone  and  grounds  oc- 
cupy a  block  between  Duane  and  Worth  streets. 
Entrance  on  Broadway.    This  admirable  Institu- 


27 


tion  was  founded  in  1771  by  the  Earl  of  Dunmore, 
who  was  at  that  time  Governor  of  the  Colony. 
The  Institution  has  an  annual  revenue  of  about 
eighty  thousand  dollars,  from  which  the  Hospital 
is  sustained,  together  with  those  patients  who  are 
able  to  pay.  A  charge  of  four  dollars  per  week 
secures  the  best  of  nursing  and  medicine.  Vis- 
itors admitted  from  10  a.  m.  till  5  p.  m. 

ST.  LUKE'S  HOSPITAL 

Is  situated  at  the  corner  of  Fifth  avenue  and 
Fifty-eighth  street.  This  Institution  is  under  the 
management  of  members  of  the  Episcopal  Church. 
No  creed,  color,  or  nation,  is  rejected.  Open  to 
visitors  daily. 

JEWS'  HOSPITAL, 

As  its  name  indicates,  is  sustained  by  the  Jew- 
ish denomination.  Located  at  158  West  Twenty- 
eighth  street.  Open  to  visitors  from  ten  a.  m.  till 
six  P.  M. 

BELLEVUE  HOSPITAL 

Is  located  at  the  foot  of  East  Twenty-sixth 
street. 

LIBEAEIES. 

It  is  always  a  source  of  gratification  to  find 
men,  whose  daily  avocations  are  of  the  most  bust- 
ling and  industrial  nature,  availing  themselves  of 
every  leisure  interval  to  cultivate  and  increase 


28 


their  means  of  intellectual  enjoyment;  and  there 
can  be  no  greater  ornaments  to  a  city  than  those 
literary  and  educational  institutions  which,  spring- 
ing from,  and  supported  by,  the  people,  are  adapted 
to  the  public  wants.  It  matters  not  whether  the 
buildings  are  of  brick,  costly  marble,  or  "plain 
rooms,"  their  object  consecrates  and  invests  them 
with  a  host  of  pleasing  associations.  We  espe- 
cially allude  to  the  many  libraries  located  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  our  city,  which  are  worthy  to  be 
compared  with  those  of  foreign  countries  as  to 
the  rare  and  valuable  collections  which  they  con- 
tain. Nearly  all  of  these  Libraries  are  accessible 
to  strangers.  A  visit  to  these  noble  institutions, 
with  their  rich  collection  of  books,  will  become  a 
necessity  to  all  who  have  any  love  for  literature 
and  art. 

Astor  Library. 

This  magnificent  structure  is  located  on  La- 
fayette, near  Astor  place.  Was  founded  by  the 
munificence  of  John  Jacob  Astor,  who  left  four 
hundred  thousand  dollars  for  that  purpose.  It 
contains  about  one  hundred  and  twenty  thousand 
volumes,  of  great  variety  and  value.  It  is  the 
largest  library  in  the  United  States.  Open  to 
visitors  from  ten  a.  m.  to  5  p.  m. 

Mercantile  Library 

Is  situated  in  Astor  place,  Eighth  street.  This 
noble  establishment  has  a  fine  library  of  sixty 


29 


thousand  volumes,  together  with  a  reading-room, 
lecture-room  and  cabinet  of  minerals. 

New  York  Society  Library 

Is  located  in  University  place,  near  Twelfth 
street.  Contains  a  fine  collection  of  books,  num- 
bering about  forty-five  thousand  volumes. 

City  Library 
Is  in  the  City  Hall.    Accessible  at  all  times. 

New  York  Law  Library 

Contains  a  choice  collection  of  books.  Located 
at  41  Chamber  street. 

Apprentices'  Library 
Is  located  in  Mechanics'  Hall,  472  Broadway. 
Is  for  the  use  of  Apprentices.    Contains  about 
twenty  thousand  volumes. 

Mechanics'  Library. 
No.  20  Fourth  avenue.  Has  over  four  thousand 
volumes. 

Printers'  Library. 

No.  3  Chamber  street.  Contains  five  thousand 
volumes. 

Women's  Library 
Is  in  the  University  building,  opposite  Wash- 
ington square.    Has  a  collection  of  nearly  five 
thousand  volumes. 

3* 


30 


BANKS. 

There  are  in  New  York  seventy  Banks,  with  a 
capital  of  eighty-eight  millions.  Many  of  the 
Bank  buildings  are  beautiful  specimens  of  archi- 
tecture, especially  those  of  the  Bank  of  the  Re- 
public, New  York,  Mechanics,  America,  Manhat- 
tan, City,  Union,  National,  North  America,  on 
Wall  street ;  Metropolitan,  American  Exchange, 
Shoe  and  Leather,  and  Pacific,  on  Broadway ; 
Nassau,  and  Bank  of  Commerce,  on  Nassau  street. 

TELEGKAPH  OFFICES 

Are  located  at  145  Broadway,  with  branch 
offices  at  all  the  leading  hotels  and  railroad  de- 
pots. 

ODD  FELLOWS'  HALL. 

The  most  imposing  Hall  of  the  "  Order"  is  lo- 
cated on  the  corner  of  Centre  and  Grand  streets. 
It  is  constructed  of  brown  stone,  in  the  Egyptian, 
Grecian  and  Elizabethan  style  of  architecture. 
Erected  in  1849,  and  cost  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  thousand  dollars.  It  is  well  worthy  a  visit. 
Strangers  admitted  second  Tuesday  in  each  month 

MONUMENTS. 

New  York  does  not  contain  any  monuments  of 
very  special  note  as  works  of  art.  The  following, 
however,  are  worthy  to  be  visited  : 


Q  1 

Sugar-House  Martyrs'  Monument, 

In  Trinity  church-yard  stands  the  monumental 
tribute  of  the  Church  corporation  to  the  honored 
"  Sugar-House  Martyrs."  It  is  constructed  of 
finely-cut  and  ornamented  brown  stone,  present- 
ing a  graceful  appearance,  while  it  attracts  the 
especial  interest  of  every  American  patriot,  from 
the  fact  that  the  ground  immediately  under  and 
around  it  is  rich  with  the  ashes  of  our  Revolu- 
tionary fathers. 

Washington  Equestrian  Statue, 

This  bronze  statue  of  the  Father  of  his  Coun- 
try, by  H.  K.  Brown,  erected  at  a  cost  of  thirty 
thousand  dollars,  is  situated  in  Union  square,  en- 
closed by  an  iron  railing. 

Worth  Monument, 
Constructed  of  granite,  forty  feet  high,  in  mem- 
ory of  General  AVorth,  who  fell  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  is  located  in  Madison  square,  opposite 
Fifth  Avenue  Hotel. 

PORTS  AKD  FORTIFICATIONS. 

There  are  quite  a  number  of  these  objects  of 
interest  in  the  vicinity  of  Xew  York,  located  as 
follows : 

Fort  Lafayette, 

Rendered  famous  from  its  being  the  receptacle 
for  State  prisoners  during  the  recent  war,  is  situ- 


32 


ated  about  eight  miles  down  the  bay,  in  the  Nar- 
rows. 

Fort  Hamilton, 

Located  opposite,  on  the  Long  Island  shore*  is 
a  very  fine  fort,  with  two  tier  of  casemates. 

Port  .Richmond, 
On  the  Staten  Island  shore,  opposite  to  Fort 
Lafayette,  is  the  largest  and  handsomest  structure 
of  the  kind  around  New  York.  It  has  four  tier 
of  casemates,  and  is  pierced  for  about  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty  guns. 

Tort  Columbus 
Is  situated  on  the  centre  of  Governor's  Island. 

Castle  "William 
Is  also  located  on  Governor's  Island  at  the 
water's  edge — a  round  tower,  six  hundred  feet 
in  circumference,  sixty  feet  high,  with  three  tier 
of  guns. 

Port  Wood 

Is  located  on  Bedloe's  Island,  in  the  bay,  oppo- 
eite  to  Governor's  Island. 

Fort  Schuyler 
Is  situated  on  Long  Island  Sound,  fourteen 
mlies  from  New  York. 

Fort  Tompkins, 
On  Staten  Island,  in  the  rear  of  Fort  Bichmond, 
on  an  elevation  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  feet. 


33 


PLACES  OF  AMUSEMENT. 

Wallaces  Theatre,  located  coraer  of  Broadway 

and  Thirteenth  street. 
Niblo's  Garden,  in  the  rear  of  Metropolitan  Hotel. 

Entrance,  Broadway. 
Winter  Garden  is  on  Broadway,  opposite  Bond 

street. 

Olympic  Theatre,  622  Broadway. 
Theatre  Comique  is  located  at  514  Broadway. 
French  Theatre,  Fourteenth  street,  near  Fifth 
avenue. 

Old  Bowery  Theatre,  46  Bowery,  near  Canal 
street. 

Stadt  Theatre,  located  in  the  Bowery,  opposite 

Old  Bowery  Theatre. 
Broadway  Theatre,  483  Broadway,  corner  Broome 

street. 

Butler's  Theatre,  472  Broadway. 

San  Francisco  Minstrels,  585  Broadway. 

Bunyan  Hall,  Fifteenth  street  and  Broadway. 

New  York  Circus,  Fourteenth  street,  opposite 
Academy  of  Music. 

Kelly  &  Leon's  Minstrels,  720  Broadway. 

Fifth  Avenue  Opera  House,  4  West  Twenty- 
fourth  street. 

Tony  Pastor's  Opera  House,  201  Bowery. 

Barnum's  Museum,  Broadway,  above  Spring 
street. 


34 


New  York  Theatre,  730  Broadway. 

Terrace  Gardens,  corner  Third  avenue  and  Fifty- 
ninth  street. 

Steinway's  Hall,  73  East  Fourteenth  street. 

Irving  Hall,  Irving  Place,  opposite  Academy  of 
Music. 

Academy  of  Music,  corner  of  East  Fourteenth 
and  Irving  Place. 

Pike's  Opera  House,  Eighth  Avenue  and  Twenty- 
third  street. 

Banvard's  Theatre,  Broadway  and  Thirtieth 
street. 

Museum  of  Anatomy,  G18  Broadway. 
Studio    Building,    Tenth   street,   near  Sixth 
avenue. 

Art  Gallery,  Cooper's  Institute,  Eighth  street 
and  Third  avenue. 


35 


NEWSPAPERS. 

The  achievements  of  the  last  fifty  years  have 
been  such  that  no  local  or  temporary  interest  can 
satisfy  the  mind ;  everything  is  conducted  on  a 
grand  scale.  The  extension  of  education,  the 
progress  of  science,  the  facilities  of  communica- 
tion and  intercourse  between  nations,  and,  above 
all,  the  freedom  of  the  Press,  and  its  consequent 
wide  and  rapid  circulation  of  news,  has  served  to 
produce  this  extent  of  thought  and  purpose.  In 
the  United  States  the  Press  is  supremely  import- 
ant. The  activity  and  power  of  the  Newspaper 
Press  of  the  United  States  date  their  crigin  from 
the  Revolutionary  war.  Previous  to  that  event 
they  were  few  in  number,  and  barren  of  that 
interest,  vigor  and,  originality,  so  important  a 
feature  in  those  of  the  present  day.  Great 
Britain  and  the  United  Colonics  having  deter- 
mined to  settle  their  dispute  by  arms,  both 
appealed  to  the  people.  Each  had  their  parti- 
sans ;  but  there  wTere  many  independent  or 
indifferent  persons,  whose  support  was  valuable. 
Then  it  was  the  Press  entered  into  the  strife,  and 
assumed  that  direction  of  public  opinion  which 
has  continued  ever  since,  and  formed  so  remark- 
able a  feature  in  modern  political  history. 


36 

There  are  about  sixteen  daily  papers  published 
in  this  city,  the  principal  ones  of  which  are — 
Journal  of  Commerce,  Transcript, 
Herald,  Post  (Evening), 

Times,  Express  (Evening), 

Tribune,  Abend  Zeitung  (German), 

World,  Democrat  (German), 

CommercialAdvertiser,  Stadts ZEiTUNG(German)j 
News,  Courrier  des  Etats  Unis 

Sun,  (French). 

There  are  also  one  hundred  and  twenty  weekly 
papers. 

CHURCHES. 

There  are  in  the  City  of  Xcw  York  three 
hundred  and  fifty  churches,  very  many  of  which 
are  noted  for  their  elegance  and  architectural 
beauty. 

Baptist. 

Antioch.       264  Bleecker  street. 
First.       354  Broome  street. 
Fifth  Avenue.       Near  W.  Forty-sixth  street. 
Calvary.       50  West  Twenty-third  street. 
Lexington  Avenue.      Near  East  Thirty-seventh 
street. 

Sixth  Street.       211  Sixth  street. 
Berean.       35  Downing  street. 
Cannon  Street.       317  Madison  street. 
Bethlehem       395  West  Forty-fifth  street. 
Ebenezer.       154  West  Thirty-sixth  street. 


37 

First  Mariners'.       Oliver,  corner  Henry  street. 
South.       147  West  Twenty-fifth  street. 
Tabernacle.       162  Second  avenue. 
Fifth  Avenue.       Near  One  Hundred  and  Twenty- 
Sixth  street, 
Sixteenth  Street.       257  West  Sixteenth  street. 
North.       126  Christopher  street. 
Yorkville.      Eighty-third  st.,  near  Second  avenue. 
Laight  Street.       Corner  Varick  street. 
Bethesda.       Fifty-third,  near  Seventh  avenue. 
Freewill.       74  West  Seventeenth  street. 
Zion.    (Colored.)       155  Sullivan  street. 
Abyssinian.    (Colored.)       166  Waverly  place. 
Bloomingdale.       220  West  ^orty-second  street. 
Madison  Avenue.       Corner  E.  Thirty-first  street. 
Amity  Street.       161  Fifth  avenue. 
McDougal  Street.       24  McDougal  street. 
Stanton.       36  Stanton  street. 
Welsh.       141  Chrystie  street. 
Pilgrim.       Thirty-t&ird  st..  near  Eighth  avenue. 

Congregational. 

Church  of  the  Puritans.       Union  place  corner 

Fifteenth  street. 
Welsh.       33  E.  Eleventh  street. 
Bethesda.   (Colored.)      681  Sixth  avenue,  conifer 

Thirty-fourth  street. 
Tabernacle.      Sixth  avenue,  corner  Thirty-fourth 

street 

St.  J ohn's.      Forty-first  st.,  near  Sixth  avenue. 
4 


Dutch  Eeformed. 

Collegiate.       Forty-eighth  St.,  near  Fifth  avenue. 
Collegiate.       Fifth  avenue,  corner  Twenty-ninth 
street. 

Collegiate.       Lafayette  place. 

Market  Street.       Corner  Henry. 

German  Reformed.       129  Norfolk  street. 

Northwest.       145  West  Twenty-third  street. 

German  Evangelical.       141  East  Houston  street. 

Union.       25  Sixth  avenue  street. 

Washington  Square.       Wooster  street. 

Harlem.  Third  avenue,  corner  One  Hundred 
and  Twenty-first  street. 

Fourtb  German.      112  West  Twenty-ninth  street. 

Prospect  Hill.  Third  avenue,  near  Eighty- 
seventh  street. 

South.      Fifth  avenue,  corner  Twenty-first  street. 

Mount  Pleasant.       158  East  Fiftieth  street. 

Thirty-fourth  Street.       Near  Eighth  avenue. 

Greenwich.       53  West  Forty-sixth  street. 

Twenty-first  Street.     47  West  Twenty-first  street. 

Bloomingdale.  Broadway,  corner  Sixty-eighth 
street. 

Collegiate.       Fulton,  corner  William  street. 
Manhattan.       71  Avenue  B. 


Lutheran. 

St.  Luke's.       208  West  Forty-third  street. 
Avenue  B.       Corner  Ninth  street. 
St.  John's.       81  Christopher  street. 
St.  Paul's.       226  Sixth  avenue. 


St.  Peter's.       125  East  Fiftieth  street. 

St.  Marcus.       52  Sixth  avenue. 

Yorkville.      Eighty-seventh  st..  near  Fourth  av'e. 

St.  .Matthew's.       "Walker  street. 

St.  James.       103  East  Fifteenth  street. 

Methodist  Episcopal. 
Thirty-seventh  Street.       129  E.  Thirty-seventh 
street. 

Seventh  Street.       24  Seventh  street. 
Bedford  Street.       28  Morton  street. 
Tenth  Avenue.       426  Tenth  avenue. 
Alanson.       52  Norfolk  street. 
Jane  Street.       13  Jane  street. 
Hedding.       170  East  Seventeenth  street. 
Second  Street.       276  Second  street. 
Beekman  Hill.     Fiftieth  St.,  near  Second  avenue. 
Thirtieth  Street.       207  West  Thirtieth  street. 
St.  Paul's.       Fourth  avenue,  corner  Twenty- 
second  street. 
Eighteenth  Street.      193  West  Eighteenth  street. 
Central.       44  Seventh  avenue. 
Yorkville.     Eighty-Sixth  |t.,  near  Fourth  avenue. 
Swedish  Bethel.       Pier  Eleven.  North  river. 
Trinity.       248  West  Thirty-fourth  street. 
Forsyth  Street.       10  Forsyth  street. 
Forty-third  Street.      177  West  Forty-third  street. 
Willett  Street.       7  Willett  street. 
St.  John's.       133  West  Fifty-third  street. 
Mission.       61  Park  street. 

Harlem.       One  Hundred  and  Twenty-fifth  street, 
near  Third  avenue. 


40 


Lexington  Avenue.  Corner  Fifty-second  street. 
Second  Avenue.       Corner  One  Hundred  and 

Nineteenth  street. 
Buane.       20-4  Hudson  street. 
John  Street.      44  John  street. 
"Washington  Square.       Fourth  street. 
Allen  Street.       126  Allen  street. 
Twenty-fourth  Street.       Near  Ninth  avenue. 
Rose  Hill.       125  East  Twenty-seventh  street. 
Greene  Street.       59  Greene  street. 
Jane's  Mission.       4GL  West  Forty-fourth  street. 
West  Harlem.       One  Hundred  and  Twenty-fifth  ■ 
'  street,  near  Sixth  avenue. 

African  Methodist  Episcopal. 

Bethel.       214  Sullivan  street. 
Zion.       331  Bleecker  street. 
Union.       1G1  West  Fifteenth  street. 

Methodist  Protestant. 

First.       ST  Attorney  street. 

Presbyterian. 

Madison  Square.       Corner  East  Twenty-fourth 
street. 

Fifteenth  Street.      Near  Third  avenue. 
French.       9  University  place. 
Fiftieth  Street.       Near  Eighth  avenue. 
Mercer  Street.       Near  Eighth  street. 
Yorkville.      147  East  Eighty-sixth  street. 
Thirteenth  Street.       Near  Seventh  avenue. 


41 


Twenty-third  Street.       Near  Seventh  avenue. 

Fourth  Avenue.       Corner  Twenty-second  street. 

Central.      Broome,  near  Elm  street. 

Prince  Street.    (Colored,)       Corner  Marion  st. 

University  Place.       Corner  Tenth  street. 

West.       Forty-second  street,  near  Fifth  avenue. 

Eleventh.     Fifty-fifth  st.,  near  Lexington  avenue. 

African  Union.  (Colored.)  157  West  Twenty- 
eighth  street. 

Westminster.      151  West  Twenty-second  street. 

Rutgers  street.  Madison  avenue,  cor.  Twenty- 
ninth  street. 

Scotch.       53  West  Fourteenth  street. 

Eighty-fourth  Street,       Near  Bloomingdale  road. 

Mission.       419 --Third  avenue. 

Covenant,  Park  avenue,  corner  Thirty-fifth 
street. 

Allen  Street.       61  Allen  street. 
Fifth  Avenue.       Corner  Nineteenth  street. 
Mission.       107  Seventh  avenue. 
Lexington  Avenue.       Corner  East  Forty-sixth 
street. 

Forty-second  Street.  233  West  Forty-second 
street. 

Manhattanville.        One  Hundred  and  Twenty- 
sixth  street,  corner  Ninth  avenue. 
Mission.      Thirty-third  st.,  corner  Eighth  avenue. 
Chebea,       353  West  Twenty-second  street. 
Seventh.       Broome,  corner  Ridge. 
Brick.       Fifth  avenue,  corner  Thirty-seventh  st. 
German.       290  Madison  street. 

4* 


42 


North.      Ninth  avenue,  corner  Thirty-first  street. 
Twenty-eighth  Street.     252  W.  Twenty-eighth  st 
Grand  Street.      Thirty-fourth  st.  near  Broadway. 
Spring  Street.       246  Spring  street. 
Covenant.   (Colored.)      231  W.  Sixteenth  street. 
Canal  Street.       7  Greene  street. 
First.       Fifth  avenue,  corner  Eleventh  street. 
Fourteenth  Street.      Corner  Second  avenua. 

United  Presbyterian. 
Third.      41  Charles  street. 
Jane  Street.       41  Jane  street. 
Seventh.       434  West  Forty-fourth  street. 
Seventh  Avenue.       29  Seventh  avenue. 
Eleventh  Street.       33  East  Eleventh  street. 
Twenty-fifth  Street.       1G1  West  Twenty-fifth  st. 

Associate  Eeformed  Presbyterian. 
Fourth.       157  Thompson  street. 

Eeformed  Presbyterian. 

Second.       Clinton  Hall. 
-First.      123  West  Twelfth  street. 
Sullivan  Street.       101  Sullivan  street. 
Third.      238  West  Twenty-third  street. 
Second.       167  West  Eleventh  street. 

Protestant  Episcopal. 

St.  Mary's.  Manhattanville. 

Anthon  Memorial.       103  West  Forty-eighth  st. 

St.  Luke's.       483  Hudson  street. 

St.  Peter's.      224  West  Twentieth  street. 


43 


St.  Ann's.       7  West  Eighteenth  street. 

Zion  Chapel.       5£W  Third  avenue. 

St.  James'.       East  Sixty-ninth,  near  Third  ave. 

Church  of  the  Nativity.       70  Avenue  C. 

Mission.       17G  West  Eighteenth  street. 

St,  Bartholomew's.       Lafayette  place. 

All  Saints.      286  Henry  street. 

Church  of  the  Annunciation.  110  West  Four- 
teenth street. 

St.  Matthias.  Broadway,  corner  Thirty-second 
street. 

Redemption.       98  East  Fourteenth  street. 
Trinity.       Broadway,  opposite  Wall  street. 
St.  John  Baptist.       231  Lexington  avenue. 
St.  Clement's.       108  Amity  street. 
Holy  Innocents'.       94  West  Thirty-seventh  st. 
Christ.      Fifth  avenue,  corner  Thirty-fifth  street. 
Resurrection.       05  West  Thirty-fifth  street. 
St.  Mark's  Mission.       141  Avenue  A. 
St.  Luke's.      483  Hudson  street. 
St.  Ann's.      7  West  Eighteenth. 
St.  Timothy's.       Fifty-fourth,  near  Eighth  ave. 
St.  Paul's.      Broadway,  corner  Yesey  street. 
Advent.       725  Sixth  avenue. 
Trinity  Chapel.       15  West  Twenty-fifth  street. 
Transfiguration.       Twenty-ninth  st.,  near  Fifth 
avenue. 

Holy  Apostles.  Ninth  avenue,  corner  Twenty- 
eighth  street. 

Good  Shepherd.  Fifty-fourth  Street,  near 
Second  avenue. 


4 


44 

Reconciliation.       150  East  Thirty-first  street. 

Mediator.  Lexington  avenue,  corner  Thirtieth 
street.  • 

Holy  Communion.  Sixth  avenue,  corner  Twen- 
tieth street. 

St.  Georgetfke  Martyr.  39  West  Forty-fourth 
street. 

Our  Saviour.       Foot  of  Pike  street. 

Church  of  the  Holy  Martyrs.       39  Forsyth  st. 

Church  of  the  Incarnation.       Madison  avenue, 

corner  Thirty-fifth  street. 
St.  Philip's.    (Colored.)       305  Mulberry  street. 
St.  Alban's.       Lexington  avenue. 
Church  of  Holy  Communion.       Sixth  avenue, 

corner  Twentieth  street. 
Twenty-ninth  Street.       Near  Ninth  avenue. 
St.  Michael's.       Broadway,  corner  Ninty-ninth 

street. 

All  Angels.       Eighty-first  st.,  near  Eleventh  ave. 

St.  Stephen's.       120  Christie  street. 

St.  George's  Chapel.       Beekman.  corner  Cliff  st. 

Holy  Comforter.       Foot  of  Hubert  street. 

St.  George's.    (German.)       Fourteenth  street 

near  First  avenue. 
Annunciation.       110  West  Fourteenth  street. 
St.  Paul's.  Harlem. 
Mission.       117  Thompson  street. 
Ascension.       Fifth  avenue,  corner  Tenth  streel 
Intercession.        One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth 

street,  corner  Tenth  avenue. 
Yorkville.  Yorkville. 


Zion.       Madison  avenue,  corner  Thirty-eighth  st. 
Mission.       220  East  Nineteenth  street. 
[Mission.       256  Madison  street. 
Grace.       800  Broadway. 

Redeemer.      Eighty-fifth  st.,  near  Second  avenue. 

St.  Luke's.       483  Hudson  street. 

St.  George's.       Rutherford  place. 

Holy  Trinity.  Madison  avenue,  corner  Forty- 
second  street. 

Du  St.  Esprit.      30  West  Twenty-second  street. 

St.  Mark's.       Stuyvesant  street. 

Mission.       133  East  Twenty-third  street. 

Calvary.     Fourth  avenue,  corner  Twenty-first  st. 

St.  John's.      46  Yarick  street. 

Messiah.    (Colored.)       10'?  Mercer  street. 

St.  John  Evangelist.       20  Hammond  street. 

Union.  (Colored.)  Second  avenue,  near  Eighty- 
fourth  street. 

Mission.      Eighty- fourth  st.,  near  Fourth  avenue. 

Roman  Catholic. 
St.  Teresa.       Rutgers  street,  corner  Henry. 
Annunciation.        One  Hundred  and  Thirty-first 

street,  near  Broadway. 
St.  James'.       32  James  street. 
St.  Paul's.     One  Hundred  and  Seventeenth  street, 

near  Fourth  avenue. 

St.  Gabriel's.  Thirty-seventh  street,  near  Sec- 
ond avenue. 

St.  Stephen's.       93  East  Twenty-eighth  street. 

St.  Andrew's.  Duane  st.,  corner  City  Hall  place. 


4:6 

St.  John  Baptist.  (German.)  125  West  Thir- 
tieth street. 

St.  Michael's.      265  West  Thirty-first  street. 

St.  J oseph's.  Sixth  avenue,  corner  West  Wash- 
ington place. 

St.  Joseph's.  (German.)  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty-fifth  street,  corner  Ninth  avenue. 

St.  Paul's.     Fifty-ninth  st.,  corner  Ninth  avenue. 

St*  Nicholas.    (German.)       125  Second  street. 

St.  Vincent  de  Paul.    127  West  Twenty-third  st. 

St.  Francis  Xavier.       3G  W.  Sixteenth  street. 

St.  Columbia.       339  W.  Twenty-fifth  street. 

Holy  Cross.       335  W.  Forty-second  street. 

Nativity.       4G  Second  avenue. 

St.  Patrick's.       Mott  street. 

St.  Mary's.      438  Grand  street. 

St.  John  Evangelist.  Fiftieth  street,  near  Fifth 
avenue. 

St.  Bridget's.       Avenue  B,  corner  Eighth  street. 
Immaculate  Conception.      245  E.  Fourteenth  st. 
St.  Lawrence.     Eighty-fourth  street,  near  Fourth 
avenue. 

St.  Boniface.  Forty-seventh  street,  near  Second 
avenue. 

Most  Holy  Pedeemer.       165  Third  street. 
St.  Francis.   (German.)     93  West  Thirty-first  st. 
St.  Ann's.       149  Eighth  street. 
Assumption.       Forty-ninth  street,  near  Ninth 
avenue. 

St.  Peter's.  Barclay,  corner  Church  street. 
Transfiguration.       Mott,  corner  Park  street. 


47 


Unitarian. 

All-Soul's.  Fourth  avenue,  corner  Twentieth 
street. 

Third.       Fortieth  street,  near  Sixth  avenue. 
Messiah.    Madison  avenue,  corner  Twenty-eighth 
street. 

Universalist. 
Sixth.       116  West  Twentieth  street. 
Fourth.      Fifth  avenue,  corner  Forty-fifth  street. 
Second.      Second  avenue,  corner  Eleventh  street. 
Third.       206  Bleecker  street. 

Miscellaneous. 
Christian  Israelites.       108  First  street. 
German  Evangelical  Reformed.         97  Suffolk 
street. 

Wesleyan  Methodist.     235  West  Forty-eighth  st. 
Disciples'.       24  West  Twenty-eighth  street. 
Congregational  Methodist.     West  Twenty-fourth 

street,  near  Sixth  avenue. 
Evangelical.       108  West  Twenty-fourth  street. 
Catholic  Apostolic.       128  West  Sixteenth  street. 
Swedenborgian.       68  East  Thirty-fifth  street. 
Messiah.       7  Seventh  avenue. 
Moravian.       Fourth  avenue,  corner  Twenty  third 

street. 

Mariners'.  Madison  street,  corner  Catharine 
street. 

Welsh.       133  East  Thirteenth  street. 

Second  Advent.       68  East  Broadway. 

Friends'  Meeting-hcuses.  loth  st..  bet.  2d  and  3d 
av.  5  27th  st.,  bet.  6th  av.  and  Broadway;  20th 
St.,  bet.  :M  and  4rh  av.  (Orthodox.) 


48 


Keligious  and  Miscellaneous  Institutions. 

Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  161  Fifth 
avenue. 

American  Tract  Society,  150  Nassau  street. 
American  Baptist  Free  Mission  Society,  37  Park 
Row. 

American  Bible  Society,  No.  4  Bible  House. 
American  Bible  Union,  350  Broome  street. 
American  Board  of  Com.  for  Foreign  Missions,  4 

Bible  House. 
American  Female   Guardian  Society,  20  East 

Twenty-ninth  street. 
American  Home  Missionary  Society,  11  Bible 

Hoire. 

American  Seamen's  Friends'  Society,  80  Wall 
street. 

American  Sunday-school  Union,  599  Broadway. 
American  and  Foreign  Bible  Society,  116  Nassau 
street. 

American  Christian  Union,  156  Chamber  street. 
Board  of  Mission  of  Reformed  Dutch  Church,  103 

Fulton  street. 
Methodist  Book  Concern,  20U  Mulberry  street. 
National  Freedraan's  Association,  7G  John  street. 
National  Temperance  Society,  172  William  street. 
New  York  Bible  Society,  7  Beekman  street. 
New  York  Christian  Alliance,  15  Reade  street. 
New  York  City  Mission,  30  Bible  House. 
Pr:sbyterian  Board  of  Missions,  23  Centre  street. 
Prison  Association,  12  Centre  street. 


49 


Protestant  Episcopal  Tract  Society,  5  Cooper 
Institute. 

St.  George's  Society,  40  Exchange  place. 
Young  Men's  Howard  Association,  196  Broad- 
way. 

Athenaeum  Club,  23  Union  place. 

New  York  Chess  Club,  University  Building. 

Century  Club,  42  East  Fifteenth  street. 

Sketch  Club,  University  Building. 

Lyceum  of  Natural  History,  Fourth  avenue,  near 

Fourteenth  street. 
Harmonic  Society,  288  Fourth  avenue. 
New  York  State  Colonization  Society,  22  Bible 

House. 

Artists'  Fund  Society,  52  East  Twenty-third  street. 
American  Institute,  Cooper  Institute. 

HOTELS. 

New  York  is  justly  noted  for  the  number  and 
elegance  of  its  Hotels.  There  are  about  thirty 
of  these  magnificent  establishments  on  Broadway. 
To  the  leading  ones  in  the  city  will  we  direct 
attention. 

Astor  House. 

This  colossal  edifice,  located  on  BroadwTay,  be- 
tween Yesey  and  Barclay  streets,  was  erected  in 
183(3.  It  is  built  of  solid  granite,  in  the  Doric 
order,  with  a  front  on  Broadway  of  one  hundred  and 
eighty  feet,  and  a  depth  of  one  hundred  and  twenty, 
of  five  stories  high,  at  a  cost  of  six  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars.  It  has  accommodations  for  seven 
5 


50 


hundred  guests.  The  Astor  is  the  eldest  of  our 
first-class  Hotels,  and,  since  it  was  opened,  has 
well  sustained  its  high  reputation 

St.  Nicholas. 

This  monument  of  architectural  beauty  is  lo- 
cated corner  of  Broadway  and  Spring  street.  It 
is  built  of  marble,  in  the  Corinthian  order,  six 
stories  high,  two  hundred  feet  front  on  Broadway, 
with  a  facade  of  surpassing  elegance.  It  contains 
six  hundred  rooms,  and  can  accommodate  one 
thousand  guests.  The  appointments  in  the  St. 
Nicholas  are  without  a  fault;  everything  being 
gotten  up  with  a  splendor  and  sumptuousness  un- 
equalled. Building  erected  in  1854,  at  a  cost  of 
one  million  dollars.  As  a  security  against  fire, 
the  whole  establishment  can  be  deluged  with  water 
in  five  minutes. 

Metropolitan 

Is  situated  on  Broadway,  corner  of  Prince  street. 
This  palatial  structure,  of  brown  stone,  six  stories 
high,  was  erected  in  1850,  at  a  cost  of  nine  hun- 
dred thousand  dollars.  It  is  furnished  throughout 
in  the  most  splendid  and  expensive  style,  having 
all  the  accommodations  and  conveniences  that 
the  most  luxurious  taste  could  desire.  Has  about 
seven  hundred  rooms,  and  can  accommodate  one 
thousand  guests. 


■ 


51 


Fifth  Avenue, 
This  immense  establishment,  of  white  marble, 
located  on  Fifth  avenue,  opposite  Madison  square, 
occupies  one  of  the  finest  sites  in  New  York.  It 
was  erected  by  Mr.  Paran  Stevens,  the  well-known 
hotel  proprietor,  in  1858.  at  a  cost  of  nine  hundred 
thousand  dollars.  It  is  furnished  throughout  with 
an  elegance  and  sumptuousness  unequalled  by  any 
Hotel  on  this  continent,  and  all  its  internal  appoint- 
ments and  conveniences  are  unsurpassed.  Has  ac- 
commodations for  eight  hundred  guests.  All  the 
rooms  are  well  lighted  and  ventilated,  and  ready 
access  may  be  obtained  by  a  perpeudicular  rail- 
way, intersecting  each  story,  in  addition  to  the 
broad  and  capacious  corridors  and  stairways,  in- 
dependent of  the  ordinary  and  usual  approaches 
from  floor  to  floor. 

Hoffman  House. 

This  is  another  elegant  establishment,  built  of 
white  marble,  located  on  the  corner  of  Broadway 
and  Twenty-Fifth  street,  immediately  opposite 
Madison  Square.  It  is  conducted  on  the  Euro- 
pean plan,  and  has  excellent  accommodations  for 
aboat  four  hundred  guests. 

Its  location  is  in  the  aristocratic  portion  of  the 
city,  and  is  central  for  all  of  the  Eastern  and 
Northern  Railroads ;  forming  a  most  convenient 
and  delightful  stopping  place  for  travellers,  while 
the  beautiful  grounds  opposite  render  it  an  attrac- 


52 


tive  feature  to  all  who  have  the  pleasure  of 
being  its  guests 

Southern  Hotel,  formerly  the  Lafarge. 

This  popular  house  is  situated  on  Broadway, 
opposite  Bond  street.  It  is  constructed  of  white 
marble,  with  a  frontage  of  two  hundred  feet,  seven 
stories  high,  and  completed  in  1856  at  a  cost  of 
$500,000.  Has  fine  accommodations  for  six  hun- 
dred guests. 

The  reputation  of  the  Southern  can  be  estimated 
by  the  fact  that  its  "  list "  is  always  full.  Those  who 
may  be  so  fortunate  as  to  select  this  hotel  during 
their  residence  in  the  city,  will  find  its  kind  and 
courteous  proprietor  ever  ready  to  contribute  to 
their  comfort  and  enjoyment. 

New  York  Hotel 

Is  one  of  our  oldest  first-class  houses.  The 
building,  located  on  the  finest  part  of  Broadway, 
extending  from  Washington  to  Waverly  Place,  is 
of  brick,  five  stories  high,  with  a  front  of  five 
hundred  feet.  It  is  most  commodiously  and  com. 
fortably  arranged  for  families  and  single  persons, 
and  is  in  the  midst  of  elegant  stores,  and  the  most 
fashionable  places  of  amusement.  In  its  internal 
arrangements  it  is  unsurpassed,  and  contains 
spacious  accommodations  for  about  four  hundred 
guests.  Messrs.  Cranston  &  Hildreth  are  its  pro- 
prietors, the  former  having  been  its  worthy  host 
for  many  years. 


53 


Prescott  House. 
Spring  street  and  Broadway,  near  St.  Nicholas. 

St.  Denis, 

Corner  of  Broadway  and  Eleventh  street. 
(European  plan.) 

Everett  House, 
Corner  of  Fourth  avenue  and  Seventeenth  street. 

Clarendon, 

Located  corner  of  Fourth  avenue  and  Eighteenth 
street. 

Albemarle, 

Situated  corner  of  Broadway  and  Twenty-Fourth 
street. 

St.  James, 

Corner  of  Fifth  avenue  and  Twenty-Sixth  street. 

Brevoort  House, 
Fifth  avenue,  corner  of  Eighth  street. 

Gramercy  Park  House, 

Situated  on  Gramercy  Park  Place,  between 
Twentieth  and  Twenty-First  streets,  and  Third 
and  Fourth  avenue. 

Brandreth  House. 
(European  plan.)    Broadway  and  Canal  street. 

Irving  House. 
(European  plan.)    Broadway  and  Twelfth  street. 

'  v-         .  5* 


54 


Merchants'  Hotel 

Is  situated  on  Cortland  street,  near  Green- 
wich. 

Power's  Hotel. 
Park  Row,  opposite  City  Hall. 

National  Hotel. 

Located  on  Cortland  street,  near  Broadway. 

Coleman  House. 
1169  Broadway,  corner  East  Twenty-seventh 
street. 

Western  Hotel. 
No.  13  Cortland  street,  near  Broadway. 

Howard  House. 

Broadway,  corner  Maiden  Lane. 

Earle's  Hotel 

Is  situated  corner  Canal  and  Centre  streets. 

Lovejoy's  Hotel. 
•    Park  Bow,  opposite  City  Hall. 


Bancroft  House. 

906  Broadway. 


55 


MAKKETS. 

New  York  is  not  especially  noted  for  its  markets. 
There  are  quite  a  number  of  them,  but  none  wor- 
thy of  special  notice.  There  is  a  large  amount  of 
business  done  in  the 

Washington  Market, 
Located  on  the  square  bounded  by  Fulton, 
Yesey,  Washington  and  West  streets.  Here  it 
is  the  produce  from  the  Jersey  shores  and  Long 
Island  are  offered  for  sale  from  the  wagons  of  the 
farmer.  In  the  spring  of  the  year  it  is  very  inter- 
esting to  see  the  large  number  of  these  wagons 
gathered  about  the  streets  contiguous  to  the 
market. 

Pulton  Market, 

A  poor,  dilapidated  concern,  which  occupies 
ground  worth  twenty  times  the  value  of  the  build- 
ing, is  situated  on  the  square  bounded  by  Fulton, 
Beekman,  South  ajd  Front  streets.  This  market, 
together  with  Washington  Market,  is  nothing  but 
a  mere  shanty,  a  disgrace  to  the  city.  A  splendid 
illustration  of  the  manrer  in  which  the  "City 
Fathers"  look  after  the  welfare  of  this  great 
metropolis. 

Tompkins  Market. 

This  market  is  the  only  one  of  any  account, 
being  a  very  fine  iron  structure,  located  on  Third 
avenue,  between  Sixth  and  Seventh  streets. 


5G 

Clinton  Market, 
At  the  foot  of  Ci,nal  street,  North  Eiver. 

Jefferson  Market, 

Corner  of  Sixth  and  Greenwich  avenues. 

Catharine  Market 
Occupies  a  square  between  Cherry,  South  and 
Catharine  streets. 

Centre  Market, 

This  building  is  partially  of  brick,  located  on 
Centre,  extending  from  Grand  to  Broome  streets. 

Chelsea  Market, 
Ninth  avenue,  near  Eighteenth  street. 

CEMETERIES. 

The  salutary  effects  of  ornate  and  well-preserved 
cemeteries  on  the  moral  taste  and  general  senti- 
ments of  all  classes,  are  a  most  valuable  result, 
and  seem  to  have  been  appreciated  in  all  ages  by 
all  civilized  nations.  The  Etruscans,  the  Egyp 
tians,  the  Greeks,  the  Romans,  and  in  modern 
times  the  Turks,  all  illustrate'  not  only  their  skill 
in  the  arts  and  their  intellectual  excellence,  but 
also  their  social  affections  and  refinements,  and 
all  the  gentler  characteristics,  by  a  studied  atten- 
tion to  cemeteries  for  the  dead.  If  we  seek  for 
authority  more  commanding  in  its  influence,  we 
may  look  to  the  patriarchs  of  Israel,  who  mani- 
fested a  spirit  of  reverence  and  solicitude  for  the 


57 


burial  places  of  their  dead,  more  enlightened,  but 
not  less  active  or  pervading.  Let  us  have  the 
w  field  and  the  cave  which  is  therein  and  all  the 
trees  which  are  in  the  field,"  and  "that  are  in  the 
borders  round  about,  to  be  made  sure  for  a  pos- 
session of  a  burying-place."  And  there  "Abra- 
ham buried  Sarah  his  wife." 

Greenwood  Cemetery. 

This  beautiful  resting-place  of  the  dead  is 
located  on  Long  Island,  about  three  miles  from 
Fulton  Ferry,  or  two  and  one  half  miles  from 
South  Ferry,  from  which  points  cars  start  for  the 
cemetery  direct  every  five  minutes. 

The  cemetery  contains  about  400  acres,  and  is 
of  undulating  and  varied  character.  The  principal 
avenue  is  named  The  Tour,  and  by  keeping  this 
strangers  will  secure  the  most  favorable  general 
view.  Attention  is  called  to  the  guide-boards  in 
the  grounds,  whx-h  will  enable  them  more  easily 
to  tread  their  way  through  the  retired  but  not 
less  beautiful  passages  within  this  solemn  enclo- 
sure. There  are  so  many  beautiful  monuments, 
tombs  and  ornamental  lots,  that  it  is  impossible 
to  call  special  attention  to  any.  Suffice  it  to  say, 
that  the  surface  of  the  earth  anywhere  in  the  same 
space  does  not  contain  so  many  memorials  of 
such  beauty  and  so  varied  in  design,  as  are  to  be 
found  placed  over  the  remains  of  the  127,000  dead 
that  have  been  hud  at  rest  within  this  cemetery 
since  1838. 


58 


STEAMBOATS. 


Albany  (Morning), 

Pier  39  North  River. 

"  (Night) 

ti 

41 

Albany  &  Troy  (Night), 

u 

44 

Astoria, 

a 

24  East  River. 

Boston  (Newport), 

a 

28  North  River 

Boston  (Stonington), 

u 

18 

Boston  (Norwich), 

ti 

39 

Bergen  Point, 

u 

26 

Blackwell's  Island, 

61st  East  River 

Bridgeport, 

Pier  35 

Bull's  Ferry, 

u 

48  North  River 

Cold  Spring, 

a 

39 

Catskill, 

u 

35 

College  Point, 

a 

22  East  River. 

Elm  Park, 

M 

26  North  River 

Elizabeth, 

<( 

26 

Fort  Lee, 

ti 

48 

Flushing, 

M 

22  East  River. 

Glen  Cove, 

u 

14 

Greenwich, 

it 

38 

Harlem, 

ti 

24 

Hartford, 

ti 

24 

Haver  straw, 

ti 

34  North  River, 

High  Bridge, 

a 

24  East  River. 

Hudson, 

ti 

37  North  River. 

Kingston, 

a 

33 

Keyport. 

(I 

26 

Long  Branch, 

ti 

32 

59 


Steamboats.- 

Middletown  Point, 
New  Brighton,  L.  I., 
New  Haven, 
Newark, 
Newburgh, 
Xyac. 
Peekskill, 
Perth  Amboy, 
Philadelphia, 
Port  Monmouth, 
Poughkeepsie, 
Providence, 
Rockaway, 
Rondout, 
Red  Bank, 

Sailors'  Long  Harbor, 
Shrewsbury, 
Sing  Sing, 

Staten  Island  (north  shore), 
Staten  Island  (south  shore), 
South  Amboy, 
Stamford, 
Tarrytown, 
West  Point, 
Yonkers, 


Continued. 

Pier  26  North  River. 

"  19 

"  25  East  River. 

"  26  North  River. 

"  39 

»  34 

"  32 

M  1 
"  1 

u  32  m 

«  39 

"  35 

"  28 

"  39 

«  32 

"  19 

"  26w 

u  34 

"  19 

Battery,  East  River. 
Pier   1  North  River. 

"  22  East  River. 

u  34  North  River. 

"  39  " 

"  34  " 


00 


POLITENESS  IE  EAILEOAD  CAES, 

The  following  Eules  should  be  observed,  to  make  travel- 
ling on  Railroads  comfortable : 

1.  Always  show  yonr'ticket  (without  getting-  in 
a  bad  humor)  whenever  the  conductor  asks  for 
it.    Observe  this  rule,  and  it  will  pay. 

2.  A  gentleman  should  not  occupy  more  than 
one  seat  at  a  time. 

3.  Gentlemen  will  not  spit  tobacco  juice  in  the 
cars  where  there  are  ladies;  it  soils  their  skirts 
and  dresses. 

4.  Ladies  without  escort  in  travelling,  should 
be  very  particular  with  whom  they  become  ac- 
quainted. 

5.  If  your  lips  would  save  from  slips, 

Five  things  observe  with  care : 
Of  whom  you  speak, — to  whom  you  speak, — 
And  how. — and  when, — and  where." 

6.  Whenever  you  see  a  fellow  over-anxious  for 
your  comfort,  and  pushing  himself  forward,  say- 
ing, "Are  you  travelling  alone? — Allow  me  to," 
&c,  &c. ;  just  say  to  him.  "Thank  you.  sir,  I  re- 
quire no  assistance."  By  observing  this  rule, 
ladies  will  often  save  themselves  and  others 
trouble. 

7.  Ladies  travelling  with  children  should  inva- 
riably have  a  basket  of  eatables ;  a  tumbler  or 
goblet  for  the  children  to  drink  from,  and  keep 
the  children  in  their  seats. 

8.  Keep  your  head  and  arms  inside  the  windows. 

9.  Never  sit  in  a  seat,  in  warm  weather,  with  a 
man  weighing  244  pounds. 

10.  Always  carry  greenbacks  instead  of  indi- 
vidual promises  to  pay. 


61 


11.  Ladies  who  wear  hoops  should  make  them 
small  before  leaving  home. 

12.  Never  let  your  bandbox,  valise  or  cloak 
occupy  a  seat,  when  there  is  a  rack  for  them  ;  it 
looks  bad  for  you  to  occupy  a  whole  seat  when 
there  are  passengers  standing  without  seats. 

13.  Always  be  polite  to  everybody  while  travel- 
ling ;  don't  get  in  a  bad  humor. 

14.  Never  give  information  without  being  asked, 
then  you  will  not  be  contradicted. 

15.  When  a  lady  enters  the  car,  and  there  is  no 
seat  vacant,  rise  and  proffer  yours, — it  is  true 
politeness. 

16.  Never  sit  on  the  end  of  another  person's 
seat  with  your  back  turned,  talking  to  an  oppo- 
site party; — it  is  disagreeable  to  the  one  whose 
seat  you  are  thus  obtruding  yourself  on. 

17.  Never  smoke  in  a  car  where  there  are 
ladies — no  gentleman  would  be  guilty  of  such  an 
act. 

18.  Never  use  profane  language  in  a  railroad 
car. 

19.  Never  talk  on  politics  in  the  cars  ; — it  is 
usually  disagreeable  to  some  of  your  fellow  trav- 
ellers. 

20.  Never  talk  loud  while  the  train  is  in  motion  ; 
it  may  'not  annoy  any  one,  but  it  will  injure  your 
lungs. 

2L.  Never  sit  beside  a  person  who  is  hard  of 
hearing,  and  has  never  travelled  any ;  get  away, 
there  are  too  many  questions  to  be  answered. 

22.  Making  love  should  be  done  outside  of  rail- 
road cars;  by  bung  too  affectionate  in  the  cars, 
people  will  taik. 

6 


62 


KAILKOADS. 

Below  will  be  found  the  location  of  the  depots 
of  the  various  railroads  diverging  from  New  York. 
For  arrival  and  departure  of  trains  the  daily  papers 
must  be  consulted ;  the  changes  with  the  seasons 
being  so  frequent  as  to  preclude  the  possibility  of 
affixing  a  permanent  table  here. 

Hudson  River  Railroad  Depot,  Thirtieth  street 
and  Tenth  avenue. 

Erie  Railroad  Depot,  foot  Chamber  street. 

New  Haven  Railroad  Depot,  Twenty-seventh 
street  and  Fourth  avenue. 

Harlem  Railroad  Depot,  Twenty-sixth  street 
and  Fourth  avenue. 

Long  Island  Railroad  Depot,  James'  Slip  and 
Thirty-fourth  street,  East  River. 

New  Jersey  Central  Railroad  Depot,  foot  of 
Liberty  street. 

Camden  and  Amboy  Railroad  Depot,  Pier  1, 
Battery. 

Morris  and  Essex  Railroad  Depot,  foot  Barclay 
street. 

Northern  Railroad  of  New  Jersey,  foot  Court- 
land  street. 

Flushing  Railroad,  James  Slip  andThirty-fomth 
street. 

Raritan  and  Delaware  Bay  Railroad,  foot  of 
Duane  street. 

Staten  Island  Railroad,  foot  Whitehall  street. 
Ne'.v  Jersey  Railroad,  foot  Courtland  street. 


63 


Hackensack  and  New  York,  foot  Chamber  st. 
Brooklyn  and  Jamaica,  South  Ferry. 
Perth  Amboy  and  Woodbridge,  foot  Courtland 
street. 

Long  Branch  and  Sea  Shore,  Pier  26,  N.  Eiver. 

CITY  EAILEOADS. 

To  New  York  belongs  the  credit  of  having 
originated  the  now  widely-extended  system  of 
City  Railway  travel.  They  have  now  become  so 
extensive  that  almost  any  part  of  the  city  01 
suburbs  may  be  reached  without  any  inconve 
nience.    The  following  roads  are  in  operation : 

First  and  Second  Avenue  Line. 
From  Peck  Slip  up  Oliver,  Bowery,  Grand, 
Christie,  First  avenue,  East  Twenty-third  street 
to  Second  avenue  and  Harlem.    Return  same 
route. 

Thij  1  Avenue  Line. 
From  Park  Row  up  Chatham,  Bowery,  Third 
avenue  to  Harlem.    Return  same  route. 

Fourth  Avenue  Line. 
From  Park  Row  up  Centre,  Grand,  Bowery, 
Fourth  avenue  to  Thirtieth  street.    Return  same 
route. 

Sixth  Avenue  Line. 
From  Yesey  st.  and  Broadway  through  Church, 
Chamber,  West  Broadway,  Canal,  Yarick,  Car- 


V 

mine  and  Sixth  avenue  to  Fifty-ninth  st.  Return 
same  route. 

Seventh  Avenue  Line. 

From  Barclay  and  Broadway,  through  Church 
street,  Green,  University  place,  Broadway,  Forty- 
third  street  and  Seventh  avenue  to  Fifty-ninth 
street.    Returning  same  route. 

There  is  a  branch  starting  from  corner  of  Broad- 
way and  Broome  street. 

Eighth  Avenue  Line. 
From  Yescy  st.  and  Broadway,  through  Church, 
Chamber,  West  Broadway,  Canal,  Hudson  and 
Eighth  avenue  to  Fifty-ninth  street.    Return  same 
route. 

Ninth  Avenue  Line. 
From  Barclay  street  corner  of  Church,  through 
Church,  Chamber,  West  Broadway,  Canal,  Green- 
wich and  Ninth  avenue  to  Fifty-ninth  st.  Return 
same  route. 

Broadway  and  Grand  Street  Ferry  Line. 
From  corner  of  Broadway  and  Canal  street, 
through  New  Canal,  East  Broadway  and  Grand 
street  to  Grand  street  ferry.    Return  same  route. 

East  Broadway  and  Dry  Dock  Line. 

From  Broadway  and  Park  Row,  through  Chat- 
ham, East  Broadway,  Grand,  Goerck,  Houston  to 
Avenue  I),  thence  through  Avenue  D  to  Dry  Dock. 


65 


Keturn  route — From  Dry  Dock  through  Avenue 
D,  Eighth,  Lewis,  Grand,  East  Broadway,  Chat- 
ham and  Park  Eow  to  Broadway. 

Fulton  Ferry,  Bleecker  and  Fourteenth  St.  Line. 

From  Fulton  Ferry  through  Fulton  St.,  William, 
Ann,  Park  Row,  Centre,  Reade,  Elm,  Grand, 
Crosby,  Bleecker,  Hudson  and  West  Fourteenth 
to  North  River. 

Return  same  route,  except  from  Park  Row, 
down  Beekman  to  South  and  Fulton  Ferry. 

Central  Park,  North  and  East  River  Kailroad, 
Eastern  Division. 

From  South  ferry  through  Front,  Water,  South 
to  Wall  street  ferry,  Fulton  ferry,  Catharine  ferry, 
Roosevelt  street  ferry,  James'  slip  ferry  to  Grand 
street  ferry ;  thence  through  Grand,  Mangin,  Cor- 
lears  and  Houston  streets  to  Avenues  D  and  A; 
thence  through  Fourteenth  street  to  First  avenue, 
and  through  First  avenue  and  Fifty-ninth  street 
to  Fifth  avenue.    Return  same  route. 

Central  Park  North  and  East  River  Railroad  Line, 
Western  Division. 

From  South  ferry  through  Whitehall,  Battery 
Place  and  West  street  to  Jersey  City  and  Hobo- 
ken  ferries,  thence  through  West  street  to  Tenth 
avenue  and  Fifty-ninth  street  and  Fifth  avenue. 
Return  same  route. 


6* 


06 


Forty-Second  and  Grand  St.  Perry  Eailroad  Line 

From  Forty-second  street  and  Eleventh  avenue, 
along  Forty-second  st.  to  Tenth  avenue,  through 
Tenth  avenue  to  Thirty-fourth  street.  Broadway, 
Twenty-third  street,  Fourth  avenue,  Fourteenth 
street,  Avenue  A,  Houston  street,  Cannon,  Grand 
to  Grand  street  ferry. 

Eeturn  route — From  Grand  st.  ferry  to  Goerck, 
Houston,  Second,  Avenue  A,  Fourteenth,  Fourth 
avenue,  Twenty-third  street,  Broadway,  Thirty- 
fourth,  Tenth  avenue  to  Forty-second  street  ferry. 

Single  fare  on  any  of  the  line  of  cars  six  cents. 

OMNIBUSES. 

Fifth  Avenue  Line. 
From  Fulton  ferry  up  Fulton  street,  Broadway 
Eleventh  street,  University  Place,  Fifth  avenue 
to  Forty-second.    Beturn  same  route. 

Madison  Avenue  Line. 
From  Wall  street  ferry  up  Wall,  Broadway  and 
Madison  avenue  to  Twenty-third  street.  Bet.irn 
same  route. 

Broadway  Line. 
From  South  ferry  up  Broadway  to  Twenty-third 
street.    Return  same  route. 

Houston  Street  Line. 
Fiom  South  ferry  up  Broadway,  Chatham, 


Bowery,  Houston  to  Houston  street  ferry.  Return 
same  route.    Fare  on  omnibuses  ten  cents. 


PEEEY  BOATS. 

From  South  Ferry  to  Hamilton  Avenue,  Brooklyn. 
"  "  Atlantic  street,  " 

"  Wall  street  to  Montague  street,  " 

"  Fulton  street  to  Fulton  street,  " 

"  Catharine  street  to  Main  street,  " 

u  Grand  street  to  Grand  street,  " 

"  Houston  street  to  Grand  street,  " 

"  Roosevelt  st.  to  South  Seventh  st.,  " 

"  Jackson  street  to  Hudson  avenue,  " 

"  Courtland  st.  to  Montgomery  st.,  Jersey  City 

"  Desbrosses  st.  to       44  "  " 

"  Chamber  street  to  Pavonia  avenue,  " 

"  Barclay  street  to  Hoboken. 

"  Canal  street  to  Hoboken. 

"  Christopher  street  to  Hoboken, 

"  Dey  street  to  (north  side)  Staten  Island. 

"  Whitehall  s.reet  to  (south  side)  " 

"  Thirty-fourth  street  to  Hunter's  Point,  L.  I. 

"  James  Slip  to  "  " 

"  Tenth  street,  East  River,  to  Green  Point. 

"  Twenty-third  st.  " 

"  Forty-second  st.  North  River,  to  Wehawken. 

LOCATION  OF  PIEES 

East  River. 
1,  2,  foot  Whitehall  street. 
3,  foot  Moore  street. 


4,  between  Moore  and  Broad  street. 

5,  between  Broad  and  Coenties  Slip. 

6,  7,  8,  Coenties  Slip. 

9,  10,  between  Coenties  and  Old  Slip. 
LI,  12,  Old  Slip. 

13,  between  Old  Slip  and  Gouverneur's  Laire. 

14,  foot  Jones'  Lane. 

15,  16,  foot  Wall  street. 

17,  foot  Pine  street. 

18,  foot  Maiden  Lane. 

19,  foot  Fletcher  street. 

20,  21,  foot  Burling  Slip. 

22,  foot  Fulton  street. 

23,  foot  Bcekman  street. 

24,  between  Beekman  street  and  Peck  Slip. 

25,  26,  Peck  Slip. 

27,  foot  Dover  street. 

28,  between  Dover  and  Roosevelt  streets. 

29,  foot  Roosevelt  street. 

3D,  between  Roosevelt  and  James  street. 
31,  32,  James'  Slip. 

33,  foot  Oliver  street. 

34.  35,  foot  Catharine  street. 
36,  37,  foot  Market  street. 

38,  between  Market  street  and  Pike  Slip. 

39,  40,  foot  Pike  street. 

41,  between  Pike  and  Rutger  street. 

42,  43,  foot  Rutger  street. 

44,  foot  Jefferson  street. 

45,  foot  Clinton  street. 

46,  between  Clinton  and  Montgomery  street. 


47,  foot  Montgomery  street. 

48,  between  Montgomery  and  Gouverneur  Slip. 

49,  Gouverneur  Slip. 

50,  between  Gouverneur  Slip  and  Walnut  street. 

51,  52,  foot  Walnut  street. 
53,  54,  foot  Grand  street. 
55,  56,  foot  Broome  street. 

57,  foot  Delancy  streets. 

58,  between  Rivington  and  Stanton  streets. 

North  River. 

1,  foot  Battery  Place. 

2,  3,  between  Battery  Place  and  Morris  street. 

4,  foot  Morris  street. 

5,  6,  between  Morris  and  Rector  streets. 

7,  foot  Rector  street. 

8,  between  Rector  and  Carlisle  streets. 

9,  foot  Carlisle  street. 

10,  foot  Aloany  street. 

11,  between  Albany  and  Cedar  streets. 

12,  foot  Cedar  street. 

13,  foot  Liberty  street. 

14,  between  Liberty  and  Courtland  streets. 

15,  16,  foot  Courtland  street. 

17,  between  Courtland  and  Dey  streets. 

18,  foot  Dey  street. 
.19,  foot  Fulton  street. 

20,  between  Fulton  and  Yesey  streets. 

21,  foot  Yesey  street. 

22,  between  Yesey  and  Barclay  streets. 

23,  24,  foot  Barclay  street. 


7:> 


25,  foot  Robinson  street. 

26,  foot  Murray  street. 

27,  foot  Warren  street. 

28,  foot  Chamber  street. 

29,  foot  Duane  street. 

30,  between  Duane  and  Jay  streets. 

31,  foot  Jay  street. 

32,  foot  Harrison  street. 

33,  foot  Franklin  street. 

34,  foot  North  Moore  street. 

35,  foot  Beach  street. 

36,  foot  Hubert  street. 

37,  foot  Yestry  street. 
37£,  foot  Desbrosses  street, 

38,  foot  Watts  street. 

39,  40,  foot  Canal  street. 

41,  foot  Spring  street. 

42,  between  Spring-  and  Charlton  strceta, 

43,  foot  Charlton  street. 

44,  foot  King  street. 

45,  foot  Hamersley  street. 

46,  foot  Clarkson  street. 

47,  foot  Morton  street. 

48,  foot  Christopher  street. 

49,  foot  Amos  street. 

50,  foot  Charles  street. 

51,  foot  Perry  street. 

52,  foot  Hammond  street. 

53,  foot  Bank  street. 

54,  foot  Troy  street. 


71 


HACK  FAEES. 

One  passenger,  not  exceeding  one  mile,$0  50 
Two  passengers,  not  exceeding  one  mile,  75 
Every  additional  passenger,  .        .  37 i 

Every  passenger,  exceeding  one  mile  and 

within  two  miles,      ....  75 
Every  additional  passenger,  .        .  37 J 

Use  of  a  hackney-coach  by  the  day,  with 

one  or  more  passengers,     .        .        .  5  00 
Use  of  a  hackney-coach  by  the  hour, 

with  privilege  of  going  from  place  to 

place  and  stopping  as  ofton  as  required,  1  00 

When  the  hiring  of  a  hackney-coach  is  not, 
at  the  time,  specified  to  be  by  the  day  or  hour, 
it  shall  be  deemed  by  the  mile. 

Children  between  two  and  fourteen  years  of 
age,  half  price )  under  two  years,  no  charge. 

Every  passenger  shall  be  allowed  one  trunk, 
valise,  saddle-bag,  carpet-bp g,  or  box,  as  baggage  ) 
for  every  additional  article  named,  six  cents. 

The  number  shall  be  placed  on  each  carriage 
or  coach,  and  the  license  and  tariff  of  rates 
posted  therein. 

In  case  of  infringement  as  to  price  or  dis- 
tance, passengers  will  report  to  the  Mayor,  at 
the  City  Hall  for  redress. 


72 


TABLE  OF  DISTANCES. 


From  the,From  the 
Battery.  Exchange. 


To 


a  mile. 

i 

of  a  mile. 

Fulton 

i 

Warren 
Leonard 

a 

M 

I 

of  a  mile. 

a 

mile. 

I 

(« 

Canal 

a 

li 

tt 

a 

4 

<« 

Spring 

tt 

1| 

ii 

a 

1 

mile. 

Houston 

a 

a 

H 

tt 

4th 

a 

2 

a 

i| 

a 

9th 

a 

*i 
3| 

a 

ij 

a 

14th 

tt 

a 

2 

a 

17th 

cc 

2J 

a 

a 

24th 

a 

8 

a 

a 

29th 

a 

3} 

a 

a 

34th 

it 

s| 

a 

0 

tt 

38th 

a 

32 

a 

8| 

a 

44th 

a 

4 

a 

a 

49th 

tt 

*| 

a 

SJ 

a 

54th 

a 

4} 

a 

4 

a 

5sth 

a 

a 

*i 

a 

63d 

a 

r>4 

it 

4£ 

a 

68th 

a 

a 

4J 

a 

73d 

a 

a 

5 

a 

78th 

a 

5J 

a 

5i 

a 

83d 

a 

6* 

a 

5i 

a 

88th 

a 

6J 

tt 

5i 

a 

93d 

a 

6| 
6j 

it 

64 

a 

97th 

6| 

102d 

a 

7 

a 

6| 

a 

107th 

a 

7j 

St 

6J 

a 

112th 

a 

it 

7 

a 

117th 

a 

n 

a 

121st 

it 

? 

ti 

a 

126th 

a 

i% 

n 

a 

131st 

tt 

8| 

it 

8 

a 

136th 

tt 

Si 

it 

8J 

a 

140th 

a 

9 

it 

8J 

a 

145th 

tt 

St 

8i 

a 

150th 

tt 

9* 

ti 

9 

a 

154th 

street. 


73 


POLICE  STATIONS. 

PRECINCT.  STREET. 

First  54  New. 

Second  49  Beckman. 

Third  160  Chamber. 

Fourth  9  Oak. 

Fifth  49  Leonard. 

Sixth  9  Franklin. 

Seventh  247  Madison. 

Eighth  12G  Wooster. 

Ninth  94  Charles. 

Tenth  Essex  Market, 

Eleventh  Union  " 

Twelfth  12Gth  street,  near  3d  avenue. 

Thirteenth  Attorney  st.,  near  Delancy. 

Fourteenth  53  Spring. 

Fifteenth  221  Mercer. 

Sixteenth  156  West  Twentieth. 

Seventeenth  1st  avenue,  cor.  Fifth  st. 

Eighteenth  165  East  Twenty-second. 

Nineteenth  118  East  Fifty-ninth. 

Twentieth   .325  West  Thirty-fifth. 

Twenty-first  120  East  Thirty-fifth. 

Twenty-second  545  West  Forty-seventh. 

Twenty-third  East  86th  street,  near  4th  av. 

Twenty-fourth  Whitehall,  corner  State. 

Twenth-fifth  300  Mulberry. 

Twenty-sixth  City  Hall. 

Twenty-seventh  ...  .99  Liberty. 

Twenty-eighth  550  Greenwich. 

Twenty-ninth  34  East  Twenty-ninth. 

Thirtieth  135th  st.,  Manhattanville. 

Thirty-first  86th  st.,  Bloomingdale. 

Thirty-second. .  152d  st.  and  10th  avenue. 

7 


74 


KAILKOAD  DISTANCES. 

For  the  convenience  of  travellers,  we  append  a 
table  of  distance?  from  New  York  to  the  prin- 
cipal cities,  and  places  of  summer  resort,  in  the 
United  States. 


New  York  to 


Albany,  N.Y.... 

144 

Augusta,  Ga  

891 

Atlanta,  Ga  

1062 

Baltimore,  Md.  . .. 

187 

230 

Buffalo,  N.  Y, 

423 

Burliagton,  Vt . . . 

300 

Cleveland,  Ohio. . . 

602 

Columbus,  Ohio. . . 

714 

Cincinnati,  Ohio .  . 

807 

908 

Canandaigua,  N.Y. 

349 

Charleston,  S.  C. . . 

782 

Detroit,  Mich. . . . 

665 

Elmira,  N.  Y. 

274 

Fort  Wayne,  Ind. . 

698 

Harrisburg,  Pa. . . 

179 

Hartford,  Ct 

102 

Indianapolis,  Ind.. 

838 

Louisville,  Ky. . . . 

940 

Lynchburg,  Ya. . . 

479 

Milwaukie,  Wis.. . 

1047 

Mac  on,  Ga  

1051 

New  York  to 

Mobile,  Ala   1431 

Memphis,  Tenn. . .  1586 
Montreal,  Canada.  403 

New  Haven,  Ct. . .  76 

New  Orleans,  La..  1597 

Pittsburg,  Pa   440 

Portland,  Me   336 

Providence,  R.  I...  188 

Petersburg,  Ya. . .  380 

Philadelphia,  Pa  ..  90 

Quebec,  Canada..  583 

Reading,  Pa   148 

Richmond,  Ya   358 

Rochester,  N.  Y....  373 

Savannah,  Ga   907 

Springfield,  Mass..  138 

St.  Paul,  Minn....  1463 

St.  Louis,  Mo   1151 

Toledo,  Ohio...  .  703 

Williamsport,  Pa..  285 

Wilmington,  N.  C.  605 

Washington,  D.  C.  227 

Worceste    Mass. .  1 81 


75 


WATEKING  PLACES,  ETO. 
New  York  to 


Avon  Springs,  N.  Y  391 

Atlantic  City,N.  J  100 

Bedford  Springs,  Pa  340 

Cape  May,  N.  J  129 

Columbia  Springs,  N.  Y  120 

Catskill  Mountains,  N.  Y  Ill 

Clarendon  Springs,  Yt  240 

Delaware  Water  Gap,  Pa   97 

Lebanon  Springs,  N.  Y  183 

Lake  George,  N.  Y  216 

"    Champlain,  N.  Y  230 

"    Mahopac,  N.Y   56 

"    Memphremagog,  Yt  304 

Long  Branch,  N.J  32 

Mount  Yernon,  Ya  242 

Mount  Holyoke,  Mass  155 

Mammoth  Cave,  Ky  959 

Newport,  R.  1  144 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y  449 

Natural  Bridge,  Ya  421 

Sharon  Spring,  N.  Y  264 

Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y  183 

Trenton  Falls,  N.  Y  256 

White  Mountains,  N.  H  320 

West  Point,  N.Y   52 

White  Sulphur  Springs,  Ya  364 


GUIDE 


HUDSON  RIVER 


It  si  Ik  je  m^tsitm: 


COMPRISING  NOTICES  OP 


EVERT  OBJECT  OF  INTEREST 
TO  STRANGERS. 


(76) 


4  i 

TOUR  OP  THE  HUDSON. 

It  is  fortunate,  for  the  gratification  and  the  cul- 
tivation of  the  public  taste  for  the  sublime  and 
beautiful  in  natural  scenery,  when  our  great  high- 
ways of  travel  chance  to  lead  through  such  won- 
drous landscape  as  does  the  journey  up  the  Hud- 
son River  from  New  York  to  Troy.  Even  to  the 
wearied  or  hurried  traveller  this  voyage  is  ever 
one  of  pleasure,  in  its  unique  and  constantly  vary- 
ing attractions  ;  its  thousand  associations — legen- 
dary, historical,  poetical  and  social. 

Every  possible  facility  is  now  at  command  for 
the  passage  of  the  Hudson,  either  by  the  steamer 
or  by  railway,  morning,  noon,  and  night.  The  com- 
mercial traveller,  thinking  more  of  his  destination 
than  of  the  pleasures  by  the  way.  will  take  the 
Hudson  River  Railroad,  which  lies  on  the  eastern 
bank  of  the  river,  kissing  its  waters  continually, 
and  ever  and  anon  crossing  wide  bays  and  the 
mouths  of  tributary  streams.  The  pleasure-seeking 
tourist,  in  quest  of  the  picturesque,  and  with  time 
to  enjoy  it,  will  assuredly  go  by  water. 

Hudson  River. 

This  noble  river,  styled  the  Rhine  of  America, 
on  account  of  its  bold  and  picturesque  scenery, 
was  named  after  its  discoverer,  Hendrick  Hudson. 
In  the  fall  of  1607  this  Dutch  navigator,  with  his 
barque,  the  Half  Moon,  might  have  been  seen  as- 
cending its  waters  until  he  reached  Albany.  Its 


78 


source  is  in  the  mountain  regions  of  the  Adiron- 
dacks.  Its  entire  extent  is  about  three  hundred 
miles ;  its  navigable  length,  from  New  York  to 
Troy,  is  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles. 

To  the  Hudson  belongs  the  honor,  not  only  of 
possessing  the  finest  river  steamers  in  the  world, 
bat  of  having  borne  upon  its  waters  the  first 
steamboat  which  ever  floated,  when  Robert  Ful- 
ton ascended  the  river  in  the  Clermont,  in  1807, 
just  two  centuries  after  the  first  voyage  of  Hen- 
drick  Hudson,  in  his  good  barque  the  Half  Moon. 

There  is  very  much  of  especial  interest  and  at- 
traction to  the  traveller  making  a  tour  of  the 
Hudson.  Its  waters  are  vocal  with  the  hallowed 
reminiscences  of  our  Revolutionary  struggle,  and 
along  its  banks  linger  memories  of  the  noble  and 
heroic  deeds  of  our  forefathers;  its  rocks  and 
valleys  are  chronicled  with  the  blood  of  the  mar- 
tyrs of  freedom.  To  make  the  journey  as  inter- 
esting and  instructive  as  possible,  we  will  note 
the  leading  towns  and  more  important  objects  of 
interest. 

Supposing  that  we  are  accompanying  the  pleas- 
ure-seeker, and  therefore  have'taken  passage  in  one 
of  the  "  floating  palaces 99  which  leave  New  York 
in  the  morning  (which  enables  us  to  have  a  view 
of  both  sides  of  the  river),  wTe  will  first  direct  our 
attention  to  the 

Elysian  Fields  of  Hoboken, 
On  the  western  side,  together  with  the  preci- 


79 


pices  of  "Weehawken,  with  its  grave  and  memories 
of  the  unfortunate  Alexander  Hamilton,  who  fell 
in  the  duel  with  Burr. 

The  Palisades 

Next  claim  our  attention.  These  grand  bluffs, 
rising  to  the  height  of  five  hundred  feet,  follow  in 
an  unbroken  line  for  a  distance  of  twenty  miles. 
The  rock  is  trap,  columnar  in  formation,  like  the 
famous  Giants'  Causeway  in  Ireland. 

Tort  Lee, 

Ten  miles  up  the  river  and  opposite  One  Hun- 
dred and  Sixtieth  street,  New  York.  Some  inter- 
esting memories  of  the  devolution  are  awakened 
here.  The  anxious  thoughts  of  "Washington  turned 
to  this  point  during  that  eventful  period.  A  large 
force  of  Americans,  in  retreating  from  Fort  Lee, 
were  overpowered,  and  either  slain  or  taken 
prisoners  by  a  superior  force  of  Hessian  troops. 

Port  "Washington, 

Another  spot  of  deep  historical  interest,  lies 
opposite,  on  the  eastern  side.  It .  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  British,  November  16,  1776,  and  the 
garrison  of  3.000  men  became  prisoners  of  war. 
Fort  "Washington  is  situated  upon  the  highest 
part  of  Manhattan  Island,  between  One  Hundred 
and  Eighty-first  and  One  Hundred  and  Eighty-sixth 
streets. 


80 


Yonkers, 

Seventeen  miles  up  the  river,  eastern  siae,  is  a 
beautiful  and  picturesque  spot,  with  its  magnifi- 
cent villas.  In  1777  a  naval  action  occurred  in 
front  of  Yonkers,  between  the  American  and 
British  forces. 

Ponthill. 

This  "  castle,"  which  formerly  belonged  to  Edwin 
Forrest,  is  just  below  Yonkers,  and  is  now  owned 
and  occupied  by  the  Eoman  Catholic  school  of 
Mount  St.  Yincent. 

Hastings, 

Twenty  miles  from  New  York,  on  the  eastern 
side,  is  a  pleasant  little  village,  in  great  favor  with 
the  citizens  of  New  York,  who  eagerly  seek 
homes  amid  its  pleasant  places. 

Dobb's  Perry, 

Two  miles  beyond,  and  still  upon  the  eastern 
bank  of  the  river,  is  an  ancient  settlement.  It 
derives  its  name  from  that  of  an  old  family, 
which  once  possessed  the  region  and  established 
a  ferry.  Eemains  of  Eevolutionary  times,  still 
exist  here. 

Irvington  and  "Sunny  Side." 

This  beautiful  village,  twenty-five  miles  from 
New  York,  is  named  after  Washington  Irving, 


81 


whose  unique  little  cottage,  called  Sunnystde,  is 
close  by  upon  the  river  bank,  concealed  from  the 
view  of  the  traveller  by  the  dense  growth  of  the 
surrounding  trees  and  shrubbery. 

Piermont, 

Opposite,  on  the  western  bank  of  the  river,  is 
the  outgrowth  of  the  Erie  Railroad,  which  place 
was  formerly  its  grand  terminus.  The  river  here 
is  three  miles  wide,  and  the  shores,  particularly 
upon  the  west,  are  so  varied  and  bold  as  to 
present  pleasing  and  attractive  pictures. 

Three  miles  back  of  Piermont  is  the  town  of 
Tappan,  interesting  as  having  been  the  head- 
quarters of  Washington  during  the  Revolution, 
and  as  the  spot,  also,  where  Major  Andre  was 
imprisoned  and  executed.  The  house  of  the 
commander-in-chief  and  the  jail  of  the  ill-fated 
officer  are  still  in  good  preservation.  The  spot 
where  Andre  was  executed  (October  2,  1780)  is 
a  short  distance  Lorn  the  jail,  which  is  now  occu- 
pied as  a  tavern,  under  the  title  of  the  "  '76  Stone 
House." 

Nyac 

Is  the  next  village  above  Piermont,  on  the  same 
side  of  the  river.  Red  sandstone  is  quarried  here 
in  great  quantities. 

Tarrytown, 

A  very  prosperous  place,  situated  on  the  eastern 
shore,  twenty-seven  miles  from  New  York.  During 


82 


the  Revolution  Tarrytown  witnessed  many  stormy 
fights  between  marauding  bands  of  both  British 
and  Americans.  It  was  upon  a  spot  near  the 
village  that  Major  Andie  was  arrested  while  re- 
turning to  the  British  lines,  after  a  visit  to  General 
Arnold.  A  simple  monument,  an  obelisk  of  granite, 
indicates  the  place. 

Sing  Sing, 

On  the  right,  or  western  bank  of  the  river, 
thirty-three  miles  from  New  York,  from  its  ele- 
vated position,  presents  an  imposing  aspect.  The 
State  Prison  is  located  about  three-quarters  of  a 
mile  below  the  village,  and  is  in  full  view  from  the 
river.  The  buildings  are  large  structures,  erected 
by  the  convicts  themselves,  with  material  from  the 
marble  aud  limestone  quarries  which  abound  here. 
The  main  edifice  is  four  hundred  and  eighty-four 
feet  long,  forty-four  feet  wide,  and  five  stories  high, 
with  cells  for  one  thousand  occupants.  The  whole 
area  occupied  by  the  establishment  is  one  hundred 
and  thirty  acres  of  ground. 

The  Croton  enters  the  Hudson  two  miles  above 
the  village,  where  its  artificial  passage  to  the  City 
of  New  York  is  begun. 

Haverstraw, 

Thirty-six  miles  up,  is  on  the  west  side  of  the 
river.  The  manufacture  of  brick  is  carried  on 
very  extensively  in  this  vicinity.  We  now  touch 
upon  sacred  ground,  as  we  re-enter  amidst  the 


83 


scenes  of  our  Revolutionary  history,  for  in  this 
vicinity  is  the  famous  battle-ground  of 

Stony  Point. 

The  old  light-house  here,  placed  amidst  the  re- 
mains of  the  ancient  fort,  calls  this  scene  to  the 
notice  of  all  passers.  This  fort  fell  into  the  hands 
of  the  enemy  June  1,  1779.  The  Americans,  how- 
ever, determined  to  regain  their  lost  possession. 
General  Wayne,  who  commanded  the  proposed 
assault,  is  reported  to  have  said  to  General 
Washington,  "  General,  I'll  storm  hell,  if  you  will 
only  plan  it."  He  did  storm  Stony  Point,  on  the 
night  of  July  15th,  1779,  and  the  next  day  he 
wrote  to  his  commander  that  the  fort  and  garrison 
were  his. 

Peekskill. 

We  now  enter  upon  the  commencement  of  the 
magnificent  scenery  of  the  Highlands.  On  the 
opposite  or  western  side  of  the  river  looms  up  the 
rugged  front  of  the  Dundcrburg  Mountain,  wTith 
other  grand  cliffs  and  precipices. 

The  village  of  Peekskill  on  the  right,  forty-three 
miles  from  New  York,  was  named  after  John  Peek, 
one  of  the  early  Dutch  navigators,  who  mistook 
the  creek,  which  comes  into  the  river  just  above, 
for  the  continuation  of  the  Hudson  itself,  and  thus 
thinking  himself  at  the  end  of  his  journey,  ran  his 
craft  ashore  and  commenced  his  settlement. 


84 


Caldwell's  Landing, 
At  the  foot  of  Dunderburg  Mountain,  is  memo- 
rable for  the  search  so  seriously  and  actively  made 
for  the  private  treasure  which  the  famous  Captain 
Kidd  is  said  to  have  secreted  at  the  bottom  of  the 
river  here. 

The  Highlands. 
This  grand  mountain  group  through  which  the 
Hudson  now  makes  its  way,  extends  over  an  area 
of  about  twenty -five  miles.  The  landscape  which 
these  noble  heights  present,  is  of  unrivalled  mag- 
nificence and  beauty.  Passing  round  the  point 
of  Dunderburg,  we  see  the  small  but  picturesque 
Buttermilk  Falls,  on  the  west  side.  In  the  heart 
of  the  Highland  Pass,  and  just  below  West  Point 
on  the  west  side,  is 

Cozzens, 

A  spacious  and  elegant  summer  hotel,  which 
comes  most  beautifully  into  the  pictures  of  the 
vicinage. 

West  Point, 
From  the  unrivalled  charms  of  its  scenery,  and 
its  position  as  the  seat  of  the  largest  military 
school  in  the  United  States,  is  one  of  the  most 
charming  spots  on  the  Hudson.  It  is  replete 
with  interest  too,  as  the  centre  of  the  important 
interests  and  incidents  connected  with  the  days  of 
the  devolution.    The  Military  Academy  is  in  full 


85 


view,  occupying  a  noble  plateau,  188  feet  above 
the  river.  The  remains  of  the  old  forts,  Putnam 
and  Clinton,  together  with  the  little  glen  called 
"  Kosciusko's  Garden,"  embellished  with  an  obe- 
lisk erected  to  the  memory  of  the  noble  Pde,  are 
to  be  seen  a  short  distance  above  the  Academy. 
Near  the  steamboat  landing  may  be  seen  the  rock 
from  which  a  chain  was  thrown  across  the  river 
during  the  Eevolution,  to  prevent  the  passage  of 
the  British  vessels. 

West  Point,  in  the  Revolution,  was  the  great 
key  of  the  river,  which  Arnold,  then  in  command 
of  the  fort,  would  have  betrayed  into  the  posses- 
sion of  the  enemy,  but  for  the  providential  arrest 
of  his  co-plotter  Andre,  at  Tairytown  below.  The 
Military  Academy  was  established  by  Congress 
in  1802,  and  is  supported  and  controlled  by  the 
Government.  West  Point  is  fifty-two  miles  from 
New  York. 

Cold  Spring  and  "  Undercliff," 
Which  now  command  our  attention,  are  little 
above,  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  river.  The  West 
Point  Iron  Foundry  is  located  here.  Undercliff 
was  the  residence  for  many  years  of  the  late 
general  and  poet  George  P.  ftjorris.  It  is  scarcely 
possible  to  find  a  spot  of  sweeter  natural  attrac- 
tions than  the  site  of  Undercliff. 

Cornwall  and  u  Idlewild," 
On  the  west  side,  come  first  to  our  reach. 
8 


86 


Cornwall  is  a  rugged  and  picturesque  little  place, 
on  the  lofty  Highland  terrace.  "  Idlewild,"  the 
romantic  home  of  N.  P.  Willis,  is  a  little  north  of 
the  village.  In  its  multiplicity  of  charms,  it  is  a 
retreat  which  any  poet  might  be  content  to  enjoy. 

New  Windsor, 

On  the  western  bank,  just  above  Cornwall,  is  a 
place  of  historical  interest.  General  Washington 
established  his  head-quarters  here  iu  1779,  and 
again  in  1780. 

Fishkffl, 

On  the  eastern  side  of  the  river,  sixty-one  miles 
from  New  York,  is  a  pleasant  little  village.  The 
old  village  of  Fishkill  is  situated  about  three  miles 
east  of  the  landing.  Two  miles  northeast  of  the 
landing  is  the  Yerplanck  House,  interesting  as 
having  once  been  the  head-quarters  of  the  Baron 
Steuben,  and  the  place  in  which  the  famous  Society 
of  the  Cincinnati  was  organized,  in  1783. 

On  the  opposite  side  of  the  river  is 

Newburgh, 

Noted  also  as  the  head-quarters  of  General 
Washington.  The  house  which  he  occupied  is 
the  boast  of  the  town.  It  is  in  full  view  from  the 
river,  situated  a  little  below  the  village.  It  was 
here  that  the  Revolutionary  Army  was  finally  dis- 
banded at  the  close  of  the  war,  June  23d,  1783. 


87 


New  Hamburg 

Comes  next,  on  the  eastern  side.  A  little  town, 
near  the  mouth  of  Wappinger's  Creek.  A  tunnel, 
1000  feet  in  length,  through  which  the  cars  of  the 
Hudson  River  Railroad  pass,  is  to  be  seen  just 
above  the  station. 

Po'keepsie 

Is  seventy-five  miles  from  New  York,  and  the 
largest  town  between  New  York  and  Albany.  It 
is  built  upon  an  eminence  on  the  eastern  side  of 
the  river.  Settled  by  the  Dutch  in  1700.  Pro- 
fessor Morse,  of  electric  telegraph  fame,  and  Ben- 
son J.  Lossing,  the  historian,  reside  here. 

New  Paltz, 

On  the  opposite  side  of  the  river,  west,  is  a 
straggling  little  hamlet,  of  no  special  attraction. 

Hyde  Park. 

This  quiet  little  village,  on  the  east  side  cf  the 
river,  eighty  miles  from  New  York,  is  situated  in 
the  midst  of  a  country  of  great  fertility,  and 
thronged  with  beautiful  homesteads  and  sump- 
tuous villas. 

Eondout, 

On  the  western  side,  one  mile  from  the  river,  on 
Rondout  Creek.  The  Delaware  and  Hudson  Canal 
terminates  here.  The  Rondout  Creek  is  a  singu- 
larly^icturesque  stream. 


88 


Kingston. 

This  town  is  situated  (western  side)  on  an  ele- 
vated plain,  three  miles  from  the  river.  It  was 
settled  in  1663  by  the  Dutch.  In  the  times  of  the 
Revolution  it  was  burnt  by  the  British.  The  first 
Constitution  of  the  State  of  New  York  was  framed 
and  adopted  in  a  house  still  standing  at  this  place. 

Khinebeck 

Is  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river  and  con- 
nected with  Kingston  by  a  ferry.  Barrytown  and 
Tivoli  are  small  towns,  on  the  east,  above. 

Saugerties 

Is  a  handsome  little  village,  on  the  west,  at  the 
debouchure  of  the  beautiful  waters  of  -^Esopus 
Creek.  We  now  pass  Maiden,  on  the  left,  and 
Germantown,  on  the  right,  and  come  to  Oak  Hill, 
a  station  on  the  railway  for  the  opposite  town  of 

Oatskill, 

At  the  mouth  of  the  Catskill  Creek,  on  the 
west  side  of  the  river.  The  village,  which  is  a 
pleasant  and  thriving  one,  rises  from  the  margin 
of  the  creek  to  an  elevated  site  on  the  north, 
where  it  is  dissipated  in  many  beautiful  country 
villas.  Catskill  is  chiefly  interesting  to  the  tour- 
ist, as  the  point  of  detour  towards  the  mountain 
ranges  which  lie  over  the  valley,  twelve  miles  west- 
ward. The  Mountain  House,  upon  the  brink  of  a 
rocky  ledge,  two  thousand  and  seven  hundred  feet 


S9 


above  the  river,  is  in  full  view.  In  its  pictorial 
attractions  this  is  one  of  the  most  delightful  points 
of  our  present  tour,  and  we  can  commend  to  the 
traveller  no  pleasanter  or  more  profitable  summer 
excursion,  for  a  day,  or  a  month,  than  a  visit  to 
the  Catskills,  one  of  the  grandest  and  most  pic- 
turesque of  the  mountain  ranges  of  the  United 
States. 

Hudson, 

On  the  eastern  side,  one  hundred  and  sixteen 
miles  from  New  York,  is  one  of  the  most  import- 
ant river  towns.  Just  above  the  landing  a  bold 
promontory  rises  eighty  feet  above  the  river,  upon 
which  there  is  a  beautiful  park.  Hudson  is  the 
chief  terminus  of  the  Boston  and  Hudson  Kailway. 
Passengers  for  the  Shaker  village,  at  New  Leba- 
non, and  Lebanon  Springs,  thirty-six  miles  distant, 
by  the  Hudson  and  Berkshire  Road,  and  the  Co- 
lumbia Springs,  only  five  miles  distant,  stop  here. 

Athens,  on  the  west,  and  Stockport,  Coxsackie, 
and  Stuyvesant,  on  the  east,  are  thriving  little 
towns. 

Kind°rhook. 

The  village  is  situated  five  miles  east  of  the 
landing,  on  the  east  side  of  the  river.  Here  the 
late  Martin  Van  Buren  was  born  and  died.  His 
residence,  "  Lindenwold,"  is  two  miles  south  of 
the  village.  New  Baltimore,  and  Coyeman's,  on 
the  west,  Schodack,  Castleton,  and  Greenbrush,  on 
the  east,  brings  us  to 

8* 


i 


90 


Albany, 

The  capital  of  the  State,  on  the  west.  Albany 
was  founded  by  the  Dutch  in  1614.  It  has  a 
population  of  about  eighty  thousand.  It  is  the 
great  entrepot  of  the  Erie  Canal,  from  the  west, 
and  Champlain  Canal,  from  the  north,  and  is  the 
centre  of  many  lines  of  travel.  The  Dudley  Ob- 
servatory, located  here,  together  with  its  public 
institutions,  make  it  an  interesting  stopping-place 
for  the  tourist.  Travellers  for  Sharon  Springs 
will  take  the  New  York  Central  Railroad  here, 
stopping  at  Palatine  Bridge,  fifty-five  miles  from 
Albany.  For  Richfield  Springs,  take  the  Central 
Road  to  Herkimer,  eighty-one  miles  distant.  For 
Avon  Springs,  Central  Railroad  to  Rochester; 
Trenton  Falls,  Central  Road  to  Utica.  Also,  for 
Niagara  Falls,  Central  Railroad  direct,  three  hun- 
dred and  five  miles. 

Troy, 

Situated  at  the  head  of  navigation,  is  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  miles  from  New  York,  and  a  beau- 
tiful city  of  forty-five  thousand  inhabitants.  It  lies 
along  the  river  for  about  three  miles,  and  drops 
back  a  mile  from  east  +o  west.  It  is  a  thriving 
city,  with  its  large  manufacturing  interests;  also, 
a  great  railway  centre. 

We  will  now  accompany  the  tourist  a  little  fur- 
ther north,  to  Saratoga,  Lake  George,  and  Lake 


f 


91 

Champlain,  observing,  as  we  pass,  the  more  promi- 
nent objects  of  interest. 

The  ride  from  Albany  or  Troy  to  the  Springs  is 
a  most  agreeable  one,  as  the  route  crosses  and 
follows  the  Hudson  and  Mohawk  Rivers,  as  it 
passes  Waterford.  four  miles  above  Troy,  and  near 
the  Cohoes  Falls,  and  thence  continues  upon  the 
west  bank  of  the  Hudson,  eight  miles  further,  to 
Meehanicsville.  It  then  crosses  the  canal,  passes 
"  Round  Lake,"  and  enters 

Balston  Spa, 

Twenty-five  miles  from  Troy.  The  mineral  wa- 
ters at  this  place  are  not  so  popular  as  they  were 
formerly,  those  of  Saratoga  being  generally  pre- 
ferred. Five  miles  distant  is  the  Long  Lake,  a 
beautiful  sheet  of  water,  situated  in  the  midst  of 
charming  scenery ;  it  is  five  miles  long,  and  one 
wide,  and  abounds  with  fish.  AVe  will  now  hasten 
on  to 

•Saratoga  Springs. 

This  is  probably  the  most  famous  place  of  sum- 
mer resort  in  the  United  States,  frequented  by 
Americans  from  all  sections  of  the  country,  and 
by  foreign  tourists  from  all  climes.  There  is 
nothing  remarkable  about  the  topography  or  the 
scenery  of  Saratoga;  on  the  contrary,  the  place 
would  be  uninteresting  enough,  but  for  the  virtue 
of  its  waters  and  the  pleasures  of  its  brilliant 
society.    The  health-giving  Springs,  of  which  the 


92 


fame  of  Saratoga  has  been  born,  were  discovered 
in  1792,  though  they  were  long  before  known  to 
and  considered  of  value  by  the  Indians.  There  ar,i 
eleven  Springs  in  the  vicinity  of  Saratoga.  No 
charge  is  made  for  the  water,  except  what  visitors 
voluntarily  give  those  who  wait  upon  them  at  the 
Spring.  The  "  chief  end  of  man"  at  Saratoga  is 
to  drink  and  to  dance, — the  one  in  the  earliest 
possible  morning,  and  the  other  at  the  latest  con- 
ceivable night.  Among  the  pleasures  outside  of 
Saratoga  is  a  jaunt  to  Saratoga  Lake,  six  miles 
away.  Here  is  to  be  found  nice  boating,  and 
sometimes  "  make  believe"  to  fish.  The  Lake  is 
nine  miles  long,  and  about  three  in  width. 

A  visit  to  Lake  George  is  a  delightful  episode 
and  variation  in  Saratoga  life.  Let  us  therefore 
take  the  cars  to  Moreau  Station,  fifteen  miles 
distant,  and  thence  by  stage  to 

Glen's  Palls, 
Where  we  will  stop  and  lunch.  This  is  a  pleas- 
ant village,  nine  miles  from  the  Lake.  This  place 
is  trebly  interesting  from  its  natural,  its  poetical 
and  its  historical  character.  The  passage  of  the 
Upper  Hudson  here  is  through  a  rude  ravine, 
with  a  descent  of  seventy-five  feet  over  a  rocky 
precipice  nine  hundred  feet  in  length,  which  may 
be  seen  from  the  bridge  in  the  village.  When 
within  three  miles  of  Lake  George  we  pass  the 
storied  waters  of  Bloody  Pond,  and  near  by  is  the 
historic  stone  called  Willicms1  llock.    Near  this 


93 


rock  Colonel  Williams  was  killed  in  an  engage- 
ment with  the  French  and  Indians,  September  8, 
1755.  The  slain  (about  one  thousand)  in  this  un- 
fortunate battle  were  cast  into  the  waters  near 
by,  since  called  Bloody  Pond.  It  may  be  passed 
unnoticed,  without  being  pointed  out,  as  it  is  sur- 
rounded by  foliage. 
We  are  now  brought,  after  a  delightful  ride,  to 

Lake  George, 

And  stop  at  Caldwell,  a  little  village  at  the  head 
of  the  Lake  ;  one  of  the  most  lovely  places  imagin- 
able to  spend  the  summer  season.  The  Lake  House 
and  Fort  William  Henry  Hotel  are  excellent 
places:  the  latter,  a  nc;  and  elegant  structure, 
near  the  ruins  of  the  old  Fort  on  the  right. 
About  a  mile  southeast  are  the  ruins  of  Fort 
George.  These  localities  are  seen  from  the 
piazza  of  the  hotel,  which  commands  also  a  fine 
view  of  the  Lake,  with  its  many  islands.  The 
passage  of  Lake  George,  thirty-six  miles  to  the 
landing  near  the  village  of  Ticonderoga,  and  four 
miles  from  the  venerable  ruins  of  Fort  Ticon- 
deroga, on  Lake  Champlain,  is  very  delightful. 

We  will  therefore  bid  good-by  to  Caldwell,  at 
the  head  of  the  Lake,  and  proceed  on  our  voyage 
down  one  of  the  handsomest  and  most  delightful 
waters  in  the  United  States.  The  first  object  of 
interest  which  attracts  our  attention  is  Diamond 
Tsland.  Here,  in  1777,  was  a  military  depot  of 
Burgoyne's  army,  and  an  encounter  between  the 


94 


garrison  and  a  detachment  of  American  troops. 
Dome  Island  is  passed  in  the  centre  of  the  Lake, 
twelve  miles  from  Caldwell.  General  Putnam's 
army  took  shelter  here  while  he  went  to  apprise 
General  Webb  of  the  movements  of  the  enemv 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Northwest  bay.  About  here 
is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  parts  of  Lake  George. 
Just  beyond,  on  the  left,  is  Bolton,  with  an  inviting 
place  of  sojourn,  called  the  "Mohican  House.'1 
Just  above,  on  the  cast  side,  is  the  bold  semi- 
circular palisades  called  Shelving  Rock.  Pas- 
sing this  picturesque  feature  of  the  landscape,  we 
enter  the  "  Narrows''  at  the  base  of  the  boldest 
and  loftiest  shores  of  Horicon.  At  this  point, 
Black  Mountain  rises,  with  an  altitude  of  two 
thousand  two  hundred  feet.  Emerging  from  the 
Narrows  on  the  north,  we  approach  a  projecting 
strip  of  land  called 


Sabbath  Day  Point, 
So  named  by  General  Abercrombie,  from  his 
having  embarked  his  .army  on  the  spot  on  a  Sun- 
day morning.  The  place  is  remembered  also  as 
the  scene  of  a  fight  in  1775  between  the  Colonists 
and  a  party  of  the  French  and  Indians.  Again,  iu 
1776,  Sabbath  Day  Point  was  the  scene  of  a  battle 
between  r.ome  Americans  and  a  party  of  Indians. 
As  the  boat  passes  the  Point  and  the  Summel 
Hotel  at  u  Garfield's,"  Anthony's  Nose  is  seen  on 
the  right,  and  on  the  left 


95 


Koger's  Slide, 
A  rugged  promontory  four  hundred  feet  high, 
with  a  steep  face  of  bare  rock,  down  which  the 
Indians,  to  their  great  bewilderment,  supposed 
the  bold  Major  Rogers  to  have  passed  when  they 
pursued  him  to  the  brink  of  the  precipice.  This 
pass  is  very  much  like  that  of  the  Highlands  of 
the  Hudson.  Two  miles  beyond  is  Prisoners' 
Island,  where,  during  the  French  war,  those  cap- 
tured by  the  English  were  confined ;  and  directly 
west  is  Lord  Howe's  Point,  where  the  English 
army,  under  Lord  Howe,  consisting  of  16,000 
men,  landed,  previous  to  the  attack  on  Ticonder- 
oga.  We  are  now  approaching  the  termination 
of  our  excursion  on  this  beautiful  Lake,  and  in  a 
mile  we  reach  Ticonderoga,  whence  stages  run  a 
distance  of  three  miles  over  a  romantic  road  to 

Port  Ticonderoga,  on  Lake  Ohamplain, 
This  fortification,  the  ruins  of  which  are  visible, 
was  built  by  the  French  in  1756.  It  was  a  place 
of  much  strength;  its  natural  advantages  were 
very  great,  being  surrounded  by  water  on  three 
sides,  and  having  its  fourth  covered  by  a  swamp, 
and  the  only  point  by  which  it  could  be  approached 
by  a  breastwork.  It  was  afterwards,  however, 
easily  reduced  by  an  expedient  adopted  by 
General  Burgoyne — that  of  placing  artillery  on 
Mount  Defiance,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Lake- 
George  outlet,  entirely  commanding  the  fort,  from 
which  shot  was  thrown  into  the  midst  of  the  en- 


96 


emy's  works.  Fort  Ticonderoga  was  one  of  the 
first  strongholds  taken  from  the  English  at  the 
commencement  of  the  Revolutionary  war.  Colonel 
Ethan  Allen  of  Vermont,  at  the  head  of  the  Green 
Mountain  Boys,  surprised  the  unsuspecting  garri- 
son, proceeded  to  the  bedside  of  the  Commandant 
and  demanded  the  surrender  of  the  fort.  "In 
whose  name,  and  to  whom?"  asked  the  astonished 
officer.  "  In  the  name  of  the  Great  Jehovah  and 
the  Continental  Congress,"  spoke  the  intrepid 
Allen.  The  fort  was  immediately  surrendered. 
It  was  recaptured  by  the  British  two  years  after, 
and  held  during  the  war. 

After  exploring  the  interesting  ruins  of  this 
ancient  fort,  and  dining  at  the  excellent  hotel 
which  stands  upon  the  margin  of  a  beautiful  lawn, 
sloping  to  the  Champlain  shore,  the  tourist  may 
here  proceed  northward  by  steamboat,  and  view 
the  many  beauties  of  Lake  Champlain, — to  Bur- 
lington, Vermont,  or  Rouse's  Point,  and  thence 
to  Montreal.  Canada,  forty-seven  miles  distant  by 
rail ;  or  return  by  boat  to  Whitehall,  at  the  head 
of  the  Lake,  and  thence  to  Rutland  and  the 
East ;  or  return  to  Saratoga,  by  railroad ;  or,  if 
preferred,  return  to  Caldwell  in  time  for  tea. 

We  have  thus  far  accompanied  the  tourist  over 
many  delightful  places,  and  together  enjoyed  very 
many  pleasant  scenes,  but  now  we  must  most 
respectfully  part  company,  and  confide  to  other 
hands  the  pleasure-seeker  and  tourist. 


 ^  A^/ 

lit  0  a 


I 


